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OMAHA

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 99 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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OMAHA , the See also:

county-seat of See also:Douglas county and the largest See also:city in See also:Nebraska, U.S.A., situated on the W. See also:bank of the See also:Missouri See also:river, about 20 m. above the mouth of the See also:Platte. Pop. (188o) 30,518, (189o) 66,536,5 (1900) 102,555, of whom 23,552 (comprising 5522 Germans, 3968 Swedes, 2430 Danes, 2170 Bohemians, 2164 Irish, 1526 See also:English, 1141 English Canadians, 5 These are the figures given in See also:Census Bulletin 71, Estimates of See also:Population., 1904, 1905, zgoe (1907), and are the arithmetical mean between the figures for 1880 and those for 1900, those of the census of 1890 being 140,452; these are substituted by the See also:Bureau of the Census, as the 1890 census was in See also:error. In 1.910, according to the U.S. census, the population was 124,096. 997 Russians, &c.) were See also:foreign-See also:born and 3443 were negroes, (1906 estimate) 124,167. Originally, with See also:Council Bluffs, See also:Iowa, the eastern See also:terminus of the first Pacific railway, Omaha now has outlets over nine See also:great railway systems: the See also:Chicago, See also:Burlington & See also:Quincy, the See also:Union Pacific, the Chicago, See also:Rock See also:Island & Pacific, the Chicago Great-Western, the Chicago & See also:North-Western, the Chicago, See also:Milwaukee & St See also:Paul, the See also:Illinois Central, the Missouri Pacific and the See also:Wabash. See also:Bridges over the Missouri river connect Omaha with Council Bluffs. The See also:original See also:town site occupied an elongated and elevated river See also:terrace, now given over wholly to business; behind this are hills and bluffs, over which the residential districts have extended. Among the more important buildings are the Federal See also:Building, See also:Court See also:House, a city-See also:hall, two high See also:schools, one of which is one of the finest in the See also:country, a See also:convention hall, the Auditorium and the Public Library. Omaha is the see of See also:Roman See also:Catholic and See also:Protestant Episcopal bishoprics. Among the educational institutions are a See also:state school for the See also:deaf (1867); the medical See also:department and orthopaedic See also:branch of the University of Nebraska (whose other departments are at See also:Lincoln); a Presbyterian Theological See also:Seminary (1891); and See also:Creighton University (Roman Catholic, under Jesuit See also:control). This university, which was founded in See also:honour of See also:Edward Creighton (d.

1874) (whose See also:

brother, See also:Count See also:John A. Creighton, d. 1907, gave large sums in his lifetime and about $1,250,000 by his will), by his wife See also:Mary See also:Lucretia Creighton (d. 1876), was incorporated in 1879; it includes the Creighton See also:Academy, Creighton See also:College (1875), to which a Scientific Department was added in 1883, the John A. Creighton Medical College (1802), the Creighton University College of See also:Law (1904), the Creighton University Dental College (1905) and the Creighton College of See also:Pharmacy (1go5). In 1909–1910 it had 120 instructors and Boo students. St See also:Joseph's See also:Hospital (Roman Catholic) was built as a memorial to John A. Creighton. The See also:principal See also:newspapers are the Omaha See also:Bee, the See also:World-See also:Herald and the See also:Nevis. The Omaha Bee was established in 1871 by Edward Rosewater (1842–1906), who made it one of the most influential Republican See also:journals in the See also:West. The World-Herald (Democratic), founded in 1865 by See also:George L. See also:Miller, was edited by See also:William Jennings See also:Bryan from 1894 to 1896.

Omaha is the headquarters of the See also:

United States military department of the Missouri, and there are military posts at Fort Omaha (See also:signal See also:corps and station for experiments with See also:war balloons), immediately north, and Fort Crook (See also:infantry), to m. S. of the city. A See also:carnival, the " Festival of Ak-Sar-See also:Ben," is held in Omaha every autumn. Among the manufacturing establishments of Omaha are breweries (product value in 1905, $1,141,424) and distilleries, See also:silver and See also:lead smelting and refining See also:works, railway shops, See also:flour and grist-See also:mills and dairies. The product-value of its manufactures in 1900 ($43,168,876) constituted 30% of the See also:total output of the state, not including the greater product (48.7 % of the total) of See also:South Omaha (q.v.), where the See also:industrial interests of Omaha are largely concentrated. The " factory " product of Omaha in 1905 was valued at $54,003,704, an increase of 41.8 % over that ($38,074,244) for 1900. The See also:net See also:debt of the city on the 1st of May 1909 was $5,770,000; its assessed value in 19cg (about - of See also:cash value) was $26,749,148, and its total tax-See also:rate was $5.73 per $1000. In 1804 Meriwether See also:Lewis and William See also:Clark camped on the Omaha See also:plateau. In 1825 a licensed See also:Indian See also:post was established here. In 1846 the See also:Mormons settled at " See also:Winter Quarters "—after 1854 called See also:Florence (pop. in loco, 668), and in the immediate environs (6 m. N.) of the See also:present Omaha—and by 1847 had built up camps of some 12,000 inhabitants on the Nebraska and Iowa sides of the Missouri. Compelled to remove from the Indian See also:reservation within which Winter Quarters See also:lay, they founded "Kanesville" on the Iowa See also:side (which also was called Winter Quarters by the Mormons, and after 1853 was known as Council Bluffs), gradually emigrating to See also:Utah in the years following.

Winter Quarters (Florence) was deserted in 1848, but many Mormons were still in Nebraska and Iowa, and their See also:

local See also:influence was strong for nearly a See also:decade afterwards. Not all had99 See also:left Nebraska in 1853. Speculative See also:land " squatters " intruded upon the Indian lands in that See also:year, and a See also:rush of settlers followed the opening of Nebraska Territory under the See also:Kansas-Nebraska See also:Bill of 1854. Omaha (named from the Omaha See also:Indians) was platted in 1854, and was first chartered as a city in 1857. It was the provisional territorial See also:capital in 1854-1855, and the See also:regular capital in 1855–1867. Its See also:charter status has often been modified. Since 1887 it has been the only city of the state governed under the See also:general charter for See also:metropolitan cities. See also:Prairie freighting and Missouri river See also:navigation were of importance before the construction of the Union Pacific railway, and the activity of the city in securing the freighting See also:interest gave her an initial start over the other cities of the state. Council Bluffs was the legal, but Omaha the See also:practical, eastern terminus of that great undertaking, See also:work on which began at Omaha in See also:December 1863. The city was already connected as See also:early as 1863 by See also:telegraph with Chicago, St See also:Louis, and since 1861 with See also:San Francisco. Lines of the present great Rock Island, Burlington and North-Western railway systems all entered the city in the years 1867–1868. See also:Meat-packing began as early as 1871, but its first great advance followed the removal of the Union stock yards south of the city in 1884.

South Omaha (q.v.) was rapidly built up around them. A Trans-See also:

Mississippi Exposition illustrating the progress and resources of the states west of the Mississippi was held at Omaha in 1898. It represented an investment of $2,000,000, and in spite of See also:financial depression and wartime, 9o% of their subscriptions were returned in dividends to the stockholders.

End of Article: OMAHA

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