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See also:DUPONT DE L'See also:EURE, JACQUES See also:CHARLES (1767-1855), See also:French lawyer and statesman, was See also:born at Neubourg (Eure), in See also:Normandy, on the 27th of See also:February 1767. In 1789 he was an See also:advocate at the See also:parlement of Normandy. During the See also:republic and the See also:empire he filled successively judicial offices at See also:Louviers, See also:Rouen and See also:Evreux. He had adopted the principles of the Revolution, and in 1798 he commenced his See also:political See also:life as a member of the See also:Council of Five See also:Hundred. In 1813 he became a member of the See also:Corps Legislatif. During the Hundred Days he was See also:vice-See also:president of the chamber of deputies, and when the allied armies entered See also:Paris he See also:drew up the See also:declaration in which the chamber asserted the See also:necessity of maintaining the principles of See also:government that had been established at the Revolution. He was chosen one of the commissioners to negotiate with the allied sovereigns. From 1817 till 1849 he was uninterruptedly a member of the chamber of deputies, and he acted consistently with the liberal opposition, of which at more than one crisis he was the virtual See also:leader. For a few months in 183o he held See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office as See also:minister of See also:justice, but, finding himself out of See also:harmony with his colleagues, he resigned before the See also:close of the See also:year and resumed his See also:place in the opposition. At the revolution of 1848 Dupont de 1'Eure was made president of the provisional See also:assembly as being its See also:oldest member. In the following year, having failed to secure his re-See also:election to the chamber, he retired into private life. He died in 1855. The consistent firmness with which he adhered to the cause of constitutional liberalism during the many changes of his times gained him the highest respect of his countrymen, by whom he was styled the See also:Aristides of the French See also:tribune.
DU See also:PONT DE See also:NEMOURS, See also:PIERRE See also:SAMUEL (1739-1817), French political economist and statesman, was born at Paris on the 14th of See also:September 1739. He studied for the medical profession, but did not enter upon practice, his See also:attention having been See also:early directed to economic questions through his friendship with See also:Francois See also:Quesnay, See also:Turgot and other leaders of the school known as the Economists. To this school he rendered valuable service by several See also:pamphlets on See also:financial questions, and numerousarticles representing and advocating its views in a popular See also:style in the See also:Journal de l'See also:agriculture, du See also:commerce, et See also:des finances, and the Ephemerides du citoyen, of which he was successively editor. In 1772 he accepted the office of secretary of the council of public instruction from Stanislas See also:Poniatowski, See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Poland. Two years later he was recalled to See also:France by the See also:advent of his friend Turgot to See also:power. After assisting the minister in his wisely-conceived but unavailing schemes of reform during the brief See also:period of his See also:tenure of office, Du Pont shared his dismissal and retired to Gatinais, in the neighbourhood of Nemours, where he employed himself in agricultural improvements. During his leisure he wrote a See also:translation of See also:Ariosto (1781), and Memoires sur la See also:vie de Turgot '(1782). He was See also:drawn from his retirement by C. G. de See also:Vergennes, minister of See also:foreign affairs, who employed him in 1782 in negotiating, with the See also:English See also:commissioner Dr See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James See also:Hutton, for recognition of the See also:independence of the See also:United States (1782), and in preparing a treaty of commerce with See also:Great See also:Britain (1786). Under See also:Calonne he became councillor of See also:state, and was appointed See also:commissary-See also:general of commerce.
During the Revolution period he advocated constitutional See also:monarchy, and was returned as See also:deputy by the Third See also:Estate of the bailliage of Nemours to the states-general, and then to the Constituent Assembly, of which he was elected president on the 16th of See also:October 1790. But his conservative opinions rendered him more and more unpopular, and after the loth of See also:August 1792, when he took the See also:side of the king, he was forced to See also:lie concealed for some See also:weeks in the See also:observatory of the See also:Mazarin See also:College, from which he contrived to See also:- ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli
escape to the See also:country. During the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time that elapsed before he was discovered and arrested he wrote his Philosophie de l'univers. Imprisoned in La Force (1794), he was one of those who had the See also:good See also:fortune to escape the See also:guillotine till the See also:death of See also:Robespierre set them See also:free. As a member of the Council of Five Hundred, Du Pont carried out his policy of resistance to the See also:Jacobins, and made himself prominent as a member of the reactionary party. After the republican See also:triumph on the 18th Fructidor (4th of September) 1797 his See also:house was sacked by the See also:mob, and he himself only escaped transportation to See also:Cayenne through the See also:influence of M. J. See also:Chenier. In 1799 he found it advisable for his comfort, if not for his safety, to emigrate with his See also:family to the United States. See also:Jefferson's high See also:opinion of Du Pont was shown in using him in 1802 to convey to See also:Bonaparte unofficially a See also:threat against the French occupation of See also:Louisiana; and also, earlier, in requesting him to prepare a See also:- SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)
scheme of See also:national See also:education, which was published in 1800 under the See also:title Sur l'education nationale clans See also:les Etats-Unis d'Amerique. Though the scheme was not carried out in the United States, several of its features have been adopted in the existing French See also:code. On his return to France in 1802 he declined to accept any office under See also:Napoleon, devoted himself almost exclusively to See also:literary pursuits, and was elected to the Institut. On the down-fall of Napoleon in 1814 Du Pont became secretary to the provisional government, and on the restoration he was made a councillor of state. The return of the See also:emperor in 1815 deter-See also:mined him to quit France, and he spent the close of his life with his younger son, Eleuthere Irenee (1771-1834), who had established a See also:powder manufactory in See also:Delaware. He died at Eleutherian See also:Mills near See also:Wilmington, Delaware, on the 6th of August 1817.
His family continued to conduct the powder-mills, which brought them considerable See also:wealth. The business was subsequently converted into the E. I. Du Pont de Nemours Powder See also:Company. His See also:grandson, See also:Admiral Samuel See also:Francis Du Pont (1803-1865), played a conspicuous See also:part as a U.S. See also:naval officer in the See also:American See also:Civil See also:War. His great-grandson, See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry Algernon Du Pont (b. 1838), president of the Wilmington & See also:Northern railway, was a soldier in the Civil War, and afterwards a United States senator.
Du Pont's most important See also:works, besides those mentioned above, were his De l'origine et des progres d'une See also:science nouvelle (See also:London and Paris, 1767) ; Physiocratie, ou constitution naturelle du gouvernement le plus avantageux au genre humain (Paris, 1768) ; and his Observations sur les effets de la liberte du commerce des grains (1760). They are gathered together in vol. ii. of the Collection des iconomistes
(1846). See notices of his life (1818) by See also:Silvestre and See also:Baron de Gerando; also Schelle, Du Pont de Nemours et l'ecole physiocratique (1888).
End of Article: DUPONT DE
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