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HARDINGE, HENRY HARDINGE, VISCOUNT (1...

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 943 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HARDINGE, See also:HENRY HARDINGE, See also:VISCOUNT (1785-1856) , See also:British See also:field See also:marshal and See also:governor-See also:general of See also:India, was See also:born at See also:Wrotham in See also:Kent on the 3oth of See also:March 1785. After being at See also:Eton, he entered the See also:army in 1799 as an See also:ensign in the See also:Queen's Rangers, a See also:corps then stationed in Upper See also:Canada. His first active service was at the See also:battle of Vimiera, where he was wounded; and at See also:Corunna he was by the See also:side of See also:Sir See also:John See also:Moore when he received his See also:death-See also:wound. Subsequently he received an See also:appointment as See also:deputy-quartermaster-general in the Portuguese army from Marshal See also:Beresford, and was See also:present at nearly all the battles of the See also:Peninsular See also:War, being wounded again at See also:Vittoria. At See also:Albuera he saved the See also:day for the British by taking the responsibility at a See also:critical moment of strongly urging General See also:Cole's See also:division to advance. When See also:peace was again broken in 1815 by See also:Napoleon's See also:escape from See also:Elba, Hardinge hastened into active service, and was. appointed to the important See also:post of See also:commissioner at the Prussian headquarters. In this capacity he was present at the battle of Ligny on the 16th of See also:June 1815, where he lost his See also:left See also:hand by a shot, and thus was not present at See also:Waterloo, fought two days later. For the loss of his hand he received a See also:pension of £300; he had already been made a K.C.B., and See also:Wellington presented him with a See also:sword that had belonged to Napoleon. In 182o and 1826 Sir Henry Hardinge was returned to See also:parliament as member for See also:Durham; and in 1828 he accepted the See also:office of secretary at war in Wellington's See also:ministry, a post which he also filled in See also:Peel's See also:cabinet in 1841-1844. In 1830 and 1834-1835 he was See also:chief secretary for See also:Ireland. In 1844 he succeeded See also:Lord See also:Ellenborough as governor-general of India. During his See also:term of office the first See also:Sikh War See also:broke out; and Hardinge, waiving his right to the supreme command, magnanimously offered to serve as second in command under Sir See also:Hugh See also:Gough; but disagreeing with the latter's See also:plan of See also:campaign at See also:Ferozeshah, he temporarily reasserted his authority as governor-general (see SIKH See also:WARS).

After the successful termination of the campaign at See also:

Sobraon he was created Viscount Hardinge of See also:Lahore and of See also:King's See also:Newton in See also:Derbyshire, with a pension of £3000 for three lives; while the See also:East India See also:Company voted him an See also:annuity of 5000, which he declined to accept. Hardinge's term of offic' in India was marked by many social and educationalreforms. He returned to See also:England in 1848, and in 1852 succeeded the See also:duke of Wellington as See also:commander-in-chief of the British army. While in this position he had the See also:home management of the See also:Crimean War, which he endeavoured to conduct on Wellington's principles—a See also:system not altogether suited to the changed mode of warfare. In 1855 he was promoted to the See also:rank of field- marshal.' Viscount Hardinge resigned his office of commander-in-chief in See also:July 1856, owing to failing See also:health, and died on the 24th of See also:September of the same See also:year at See also:South See also:Park near Tunbridge See also:Wells. His See also:elder son, See also:Charles See also:Stewart (1822-1894), who had been his private secretary in India, was the 2nd Viscount Hardinge; and the latter's eldest son succeeded to the See also:title. The younger son of the 2nd Viscount, Charles Hardinge (b. 1858), became a prominent diplomatist (see See also:EDWARD VII.), and was appointed governor-general of India in 1910, being created See also:Baron Hardinge of See also:Penshurst. See C. Hardinge, Viscount Hardinge (Rulers of -India See also:series, 1891) ; and R. S. Rait, See also:Life and See also:Campaigns of Viscount Gough (1903).

End of Article: HARDINGE, HENRY HARDINGE, VISCOUNT (1785-1856)

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