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STEUBEN, FREDERICK WILLIAM AUGUSTUS H...

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 905 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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STEUBEN, See also:FREDERICK See also:WILLIAM See also:AUGUSTUS See also:HENRY See also:FERDINAND, See also:BARON VON (1730–1794) , See also:German soldier, was See also:born at See also:Magdeburg, See also:Prussia, on the 15th of See also:November 1730, the son of William See also:Augustine Steuben (1699–1783), also a soldier. At fourteen he served as a volunteer in a See also:campaign of the See also:Austrian See also:Succession See also:War. He became a See also:lieutenant in 1753, fought in the Seven Years' War, was made See also:adjutant-See also:general of the See also:free See also:corps in 1754 but re-entered the See also:regular See also:army in 1761, and became an aide to Frederick the See also:Great in 1762. Leaving the army after the war, he was made See also:canon of the See also:cathedral of See also:Havelberg, and subsequently was See also:grand-See also:marshal to the See also:prince of See also:Hohenzollern-Hechingen. In 1777 his friend, the See also:count St Germain, then the See also:French See also:minister of war, persuaded him to go to the assistance of the See also:American colonists, who needed discipline and instruction in military See also:tactics. Steuben arrived at See also:Portsmouth, New See also:Hampshire, on the 1st of See also:December 1777, and offered his services to See also:Congress as a volunteer. In See also:March 1778 he began drilling the inexperienced soldiers at Valley Forge; and by May, when he was made inspector-general, with the See also:rank of See also:major-general, he had established a thorough See also:system of discipline and See also:economy. Results of his See also:work were shown in the next campaign, particularly at See also:Monmouth, where he rallied the disordered, retreating troops of General See also:Charles See also:Lee. His Regulations for the See also:Order and Discipline of the Troops of the See also:United States (1779) was of great value to the army. He was a member of the See also:court-See also:martial which tried Major See also:John See also:Andre in 178o, and after General Horatio See also:Gates's defeat at See also:Camden was placed in command of the See also:district of See also:Virginia, with See also:special instructions " to collect, organize, discipline and expedite the recruits for the See also:Southern army." In See also:April 1781 he was superseded in command of Virginia by La Fayette and later took See also:part in the See also:siege of See also:Yorktown. Retiring from the service after the war, he passed the last years of his See also:life at See also:Steubenville, New See also:York, where he died on the 28th of November 1794. New York, Virginia, See also:Pennsylvania and New See also:Jersey gave him grants of See also:land for his services, and Congress passed a See also:vote of thanks and gave him a See also:gold-hilted See also:sword in 1784 and later granted him a See also:pension of $2400.

See Frederick Kapp, The Life of Frederick William von Steuben (New York, 1859) ; and See also:

George W. See also:Greene, The German See also:Element in the War of American See also:Independence (See also:Cambridge, See also:Massachusetts, 1876).

End of Article: STEUBEN, FREDERICK WILLIAM AUGUSTUS HENRY FERDINAND, BARON VON (1730–1794)

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