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TRURO

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Originally appearing in Volume V27, Page 329 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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TRURO , an episcopal See also:

city and municipal See also:borough in the Truro See also:parliamentary See also:division of See also:Cornwall, See also:England, 11 m. N. of See also:Falmouth, on the See also:Great Western railway. Pop. (1901), 11,562. It lies in a shallow valley at the junction of the small See also:rivers Kenwyn and See also:Allen in Truro See also:river, a See also:branch See also:creek of the great See also:estuary of the Fal. It is built chiefly of See also:granite, with broad streets, through the See also:chief of which there flows a stream of See also:water. The episcopal see was founded in 1876, covering the former archdeaconry of Cornwall in the See also:diocese of See also:Exeter; the See also:area including the whole of the See also:county of Cornwall, with a small portion of See also:Devonshire. The See also:cathedral See also:church of St See also:Mary was begun in 188o from the designs of See also:John See also:Loughborough See also:Pearson, and is among the most important See also:modern ecclesiastical buildings in England. The architect adopted the See also:Early See also:English See also:style, making great use of the See also:dog-tooth See also:ornament. The See also:form of the church is cruciform, but it is made irregular by the See also:incorporation, on the See also:south See also:side of the See also:choir, of the south See also:aisle of the See also:parish church, this portion retaining, by See also:Act of See also:Parliament of 1887, all its legal parochial rights. The See also:design of the cathedral includes a lofty central and two western towers with See also:spires, and a See also:rich See also:west front and south See also:porch; with a See also:cloister See also:court and octagonal See also:chapter-See also:house on the See also:north. Among other noteworthy modern institutions may be mentioned the theological library presented by See also:Bishop See also:Phillpotts in 1856, housed in a See also:Gothic See also:building (1871).

The See also:

grammar school possesses exhibitions to Exeter See also:College, See also:Oxford. Truro has considerable See also:trade in connexion with the See also:tin mines of the neighbourhood. There are tin-smelting See also:works, See also:potteries, and manufactures of boots, biscuits, jgm and clothing. Small vessels can See also:lie at the quays, though the See also:harbour is dry at See also:low water; but large vessels can approach within three See also:miles of the city. The borough is under a See also:mayor, 6 aldermen and 18 councillors. Area, 1127 acres. At the See also:time of the Domesday Survey Truro (Trueret, Treurok, Treueru) was a comparatively small See also:manor held by Jovin of See also:Count See also:Robert of See also:Mortain. Its municipal See also:charter See also:dates from See also:Richard See also:Lucy the chief See also:justiciar who held the See also:demesne lands and under whom the See also:free burgesses had apparently a See also:grant of See also:sake and See also:soke, See also:toll and team and infangenethef. Reginald See also:earl of Cornwall, by an undated charter, added to these privileges exemption from the See also:jurisdiction of the See also:hundred and county courts and from toll throughout the county. See also:Henry II. confirmed the grant of his See also:uncle the said Reginald. In 1304 Truro was constituted a coinage See also:town for tin. In 1378 the See also:sheriff reported that the town was so impoverished by pestilence, hostile invasions and intolerable payments made to the See also:king's progenitors that it was almost uninhabited and wholly wasted.

A similar complaint was preferred in 1401 in consequence of which the fifteenth and tenth amounting to £12 was for the three years ensuing reduced to 50S. The charter of incorporation granted in 1589 provided for a mayor, See also:

recorder and steward and a See also:council of twenty See also:capital burgesses and four aldermen. Under it the mayor and burgesses were to enjoy the liberties of infangenethef, utfangenethef, sake, soke, toil, team, thefbote, backberindthef and ordelf; also freedom from toll passage, pontage, murage, fletage, picage, anchorage, stallage, lastage and tollage of Horngeld throughout England except in See also:London; they were, moreover, to be entitled in respect of their markets to pontage, keyage, &c. The See also:assize of See also:bread and See also:ale and See also:wine and view of See also:frankpledge were also granted and a court of piepowder was to regulate certain specified fairs. In 1835 the number of aldermen was increased to six. From 1295 to 1885 Truro enjoyed See also:separate parliamentary See also:representation, returning two members. The charter of 1589 provided that the burgesses should have See also:power by means of the See also:common council to elect them. Such was the See also:procedure from 1589 to 1832 when the burgesses recovered the See also:privilege. Under the Redistribution of Seats Act of 1885 the representation of Truro was merged in the county. No fairs or markets are mentioned See also:prior to 1589 when two markets, on Saturdays and Wednesdays, were provided, also three fairs. Both markets and two of the three fairs are held. See See also:Victoria County See also:History: Cornwall; See also:Canon.

See also:

Donaldson, Bishopric of Truro (1902).

End of Article: TRURO

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TRUNK (Fr. tronc, Lat. truncus, cut off, maimed)
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TRURO, THOMAS WILDE, 1ST BARON (1782-1855)