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SACKVILLE, GEORGE, 1ST VISCOUNT (1716...

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 976 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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SACKVILLE, See also:
GEORGE
GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
GEORGE, LAKE
GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)
GEORGE, 1ST See also:
VISCOUNT (through O. Fr. viscomte, mod. vicomte, from Low Lat. vice-comes, cf. Portug. visconde, Ital. visconte)
VISCOUNT (1716-1785) , generally remembered as See also:

Lord George Sackville or Lord George Germain, third son of Lionel Cranfield Sackville, 1st See also:

DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

DORSET, EARLS, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF

Dorset, was See also:

BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 26th of See also:

JANUARY

January 1716. Educated at See also:

Westminster School and Trinity See also:

COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

DUBLIN

Dublin, he was gazetted See also:

CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

captain in the 7th See also:

Cathcart's See also:

HORSE (a word common to Teutonic languages in such forms as hors, hros, ros; cf. the Ger. ross)

Horse (now 6th See also:

DRAGOON (Fr. dragon, Ger. Dragoner)

Dragoon See also:

GUARDS, AND HOUSEHOLD TROOPS

Guards) in 1737, and three years later was transferred to See also:

BRAGG, BRAXTON (1817—1876)

Bragg's See also:

REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

regiment of See also:

FOOT

foot (See also:

GLOUCESTERSHIRE

Gloucestershire Regiment) as See also:

LIEUTENANT

lieutenant-See also:

COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

colonel; immediately afterwards the regiment sailed for active service on the See also:

RHINE (Lat. Rhenus, Ger. Rhein, Fr. Rhin, Dutch Rhyn, or Rijn)

Rhine, and although it was not See also:

PRESENT

present at the See also:

BATTLE

battle of See also:

DETTINGEN

Dettingen, its lieutenant-colonel was made See also:

BREVET (a diminutive of the Fr. bref)

brevet colonel and aide-de-See also:

CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

camp to the See also:

king. It was not until two years later that Sackville took See also:

PART

part in his first battle, See also:

FONTENOY

Fontenoy. Wounded in the See also:

charge of See also:

Cumberland's See also:

INFANTRY

infantry See also:

COLUMN (Lat. columna)

column, he was taken to the See also:

TENT

tent of King See also:

Louis XV. to have his See also:

WOUND (O. Eng. wund,connected with a Teutonic verb, meaning to strive, fight, suffer, seen in O. Eng. winnan, whence Eng. " win ")

wound dressed. Released, by what means does not appear, he was sent See also:

home to serve against the Pretender in See also:

Scotland. He was given the colonelcy of the loth (See also:

LANCASHIRE

Lancashire Fusiliers), but was too See also:

LATE

late to take part in the battle of See also:

CULLODEN

Culloden. In 1747-1748 he was again with the duke of Cumberland in the See also:

Low Countries, and in 1749 was transferred to the See also:

CAVALRY (Fr. cavalerie, Ger. Kavallerie or Reiterei, derived ultimately from late Lat. caballus, horse)

cavalry, receiving the colonelcy of the 7th (3rd) Irish Horse (Carabineers), With this See also:

OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office he combined those of first secretary to his See also:

FATHER

father, the lord-lieutenant of See also:

Ireland, and Irish secretary of See also:

war, and a seat in each of the two Houses of See also:

COMMONS

Commons at Westminster and Dublin, winning at the same See also:

time the repute of being " the gayest See also:

man in Ireland except his father." In 1755 he was promoted See also:

major-See also:

general, took an See also:

ENGLISH

English command, and vacated his Irish offices. In 1757 he was made lieutenant-genera! of the See also:

ORDNANCE (a syncopated form of " ordinance " or " ordonnance," so spelt in this sense since the 17th century)

ordnance, and transferred to a See also:

FOURTH

fourth colonelcy. In 1758, under the duke of See also:

Marlborough, he shared in the ineffective See also:

RAID

raid on See also:

CANCALE

Cancale See also:

Bay, and the troops, after a See also:

SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short sojourn in the Isle of See also:

WIGHT, ISLE OF

Wight, were sent to join the allied See also:

army of Duke See also:

Ferdinand of See also:

Brunswick in See also:

Germany. Marlborough died shortly after they landed; and Sackville succeeded him as See also:

COMMANDER

commander-in-See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief of the See also:

BRITISH

British contingent. But no sooner had he taken over the command than his haughty and domineering See also:

TEMPER (from Lat. temperare, to mingle or compound in due proportion, to qualify, rule, regulate, to be moderate, formed from tempos, time, fit or due season)

temper estranged him both from his second-in-command, Lord See also:

GRANBY, JOHN MANNERS, MARQUESS

Granby, and the commander-in-chief, See also:

Prince Ferdinand. This culminated on the See also:

day of See also:

MINDEN

Minden (See also:

AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1, 1758).

The .British infantry, aided by some of the Hanoverians, had won a brilliant success, and every man in the army looked to the British cavalry to charge and to make it a decisive victory. But Sackville, in spite of repeated orders from Prince Ferdinand, sullenly refused to allow Granby's squadrons to advance. The crisis passed, and the victory remained an indecisive success. Popular indignation was unbounded, and Sackville was dismissed from his offices. But his courage, though impugned, was sufficient to make him See also:

PRESS (through Fr. presse from Lat. pressare, frequentative of premere, to crush, squeeze, press)

press for a See also:

court-See also:

MARTIAL (MARCUS VALERIUS MARTIALIS)

martial, and a court at last assembled in 176o. This pronounced him guilty of disobedience, and adjudged him " unfit to serve his See also:

MAJESTY (Fr. majeste; Lat. majestas, grandeur, greatness, from the base mag-, as in magnus, great, major, greater, &c.)

Majesty in any military capacity whatsoever." The See also:

SENTENCE (Lat. sententia, a way of thinking, opinion, judgment; vote, sentire, to feel, think)

sentence was executed with gratuitous harshness. It was read out on See also:

PARADE (Fr. parade, an adaptation from Ital. parada; cf. Span. parada, from Lat. parade, to prepare, equip, furnish)

parade to every regiment in the service, with a See also:

HOMILY

homily attached, and placed on See also:

RECORD (Lat. recordari, to recall to mind, from cor, heart or mind)

record in every regimental See also:

order See also:

BOOK

book. Further, it was announced in the See also:

GAZETTE

Gazette that his Majesty had expunged Sackville's name from the See also:

roll of the Privy See also:

COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

Council. This, and Sackville's own dogged perseverance, turned the See also:

scale in his favour. No reverses to the British arms occurred to keep alive the memory of his lost opportunity, and in 1763 his name was restored to the See also:

list of the Privy Council. Hitherto without party ties in See also:

PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament, in 1769 he allied himself with Lord See also:

North. To this See also:

period belong the famous See also:

Junius Letters, with the authorship of which Sackville was erroneously credited.

In 1770; under the terms of a will, he assumed the name of Germain. In the same See also:

YEAR

year his coolness and courage in a See also:

DUEL (Ital. duello, Lat. duellum—old form of bellum-from duo, two)

duel with Captain George See also:

JOHNSTONE

Johnstone, M.P., assisted to rehabilitate him, and in 1775, having meantime taken an active part in politics, he became secretary of See also:

state for the colonies in the North See also:

CABINET

cabinet. Thus, though still See also:

STANDING

standing condemned as unfit for any military employment, he exercised a powerful and unfortunate See also:

INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence on the military affairs of the nation. Some of the business of the war See also:

DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department in those days See also:

fell to the colonial office, and Germain was practically the director of the war for the suppression of the revolt in the See also:

AMERICAN

American colonies. What hopes of success there were in such a struggle Germain and the North cabinet dissipated by their misunderstanding of the situation and their See also:

FRICTION (from Lat. fricare, to rub)

friction with the generals and the army in the See also:

THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre of war. But this failure was not on the same footing as that of Minden, and in spite of virulent party attacks, King George III., on the resignation of the North See also:

MINISTRY

ministry, offered him a See also:

peerage. Sackville, in characteristic See also:

FASHION (adapted from Fr. facon, agon, Lat. factio, making, facere, to do or make)

fashion, stipulated for a viscounty, as otherwise he would be junior to his secretary, his lawyer and to See also:

Amherst, who had been See also:

page to his father. There was some opposition to his taking his seat in the See also:

House of Lords. But his See also:

HEALTH

health was failing and he withdrew from politics, spending his last years as a benevolent and autocratic See also:

COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country See also:

MAGNATE (Late Lat. magnas, a great man)

magnate. He died at 'if, Stoneland See also:

Lodge (Buckhurst See also:

Park), See also:

Sussex, on the 26th of August 1785.

End of Article: SACKVILLE, GEORGE, 1ST VISCOUNT (1716-1785)

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