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HARTLEPOOL , a See also:parliamentary See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough of See also:Durham, See also:England, embracing the municipal borough of Hartlepool or See also:East Hartle-See also:pool and the municipal and See also:county borough of See also:West Hartlepool. Pop. (1901) of Hartlepool, 22,723; of West Hartlepool, 62,627. The towns are on the See also:coast of the See also:North See also:Sea separated by Hartle-pool See also:Bay, with a See also:harbour, and both have stations on branches ofthe North Eastern railway, 247 M. N. by W. from See also:London. The surrounding See also:country is See also:bleak, and the coast is See also:low. Caves occur in the slight cliffs, and See also:protection against the attacks of the waves has been found necessary. The See also:ancient See also:market See also:town of Hartle-pool lies on a See also:peninsula which forms the termination of a See also:south-eastward sweep of the coast and embraces the bay. Its naturally strong position was formerly fortified, and See also:part of the walls, serving as a See also:promenade, remain. The See also:parish See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of St See also:Hilda, See also:standing on an See also:eminence above the sea, is See also:late See also:Norman and See also:Early See also:English, with a massive See also:tower, heavily buttressed. There is a handsome borough See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
hall in See also:Italian See also:style. West Hartlepool, a wholly See also:modern town, has several handsome modern churches, municipal buildings, See also:exchange, market hall, See also:Athenaeum and public library. The municipal See also:area embraces the three town-See also:ships of See also:Seaton See also:Carew, a seaside resort with See also:good bathing, and See also:golf links; Stranton, with its church of All See also:Saints, of the 14th See also:century, on a very early site; and Throston.
The two Hartlepools are officially considered as one See also:port. The harbour, which embraces two tidal basins and six docks aggregating 831 acres, in addition to See also:timber docks of S7 acres, covers altogether 350 acres. There are five graving docks, admitting vessels of 550 ft. length and to to 21 ft. See also:draught. The See also:depth of See also:water on the See also:dock sills varies from 174 ft. at See also:neap tides to 25 ft. at See also:spring tides. A See also:breakwater three-quarters of a mile See also:long protects the entrance to the harbour. An important See also:trade is carried on in the export of See also:coal, ships, machinery, See also:iron and other metallic ores, woollens and cottons, and in the import of timber, See also:sugar, iron and See also:copper ores, and eggs. Timber makes up 59 % of the imports, and coal and ships each about 30% of the exports. The See also:principal See also:industries are See also:shipbuilding (iron), See also:boiler and See also:engineering See also:works, iron and See also:brass foundries, See also:steam saw and planing See also:mills, See also:flour-mills, See also:paper and paint factories, and soapworks.
The parliamentary borough (falling within the south-east county See also:division) returns one member. The municipal borough of Hartlepool is under a See also:mayor, 6 aldermen and 18 councillors, and has an area of 972 acres. The municipal borough of West Hartlepool is under a mayor, 8 aldermen and 24 councillors, and has an area of 2684 acres.
Built on the horns of a sheltered bay, Hartlepool (Hertepull, Hertipol), See also:grew up See also:round the monastery founded there in 64o, but was destroyed by the Danes in 800 and rebuilt by Ecgred, See also:bishop of Lindisfarne. In 1173 Bishop See also:Hugh de Puiset allowed See also:French and Flemish troops to See also:land at Hartlepool to aid the Scots. It is not mentioned in Boldon See also:Book as, being part of the royal See also:manor of Sadberg held at this See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time by the See also:family of See also:Bruce, it did not become the See also:property of the see of Durham until the See also:purchase of that manor in 1189. The bishops did not obtain See also:possession until the reign of See also:John, who during the See also:interval in 1201 gave Hartlepool a See also:charter granting the burgesses the same privileges that the burgesses of See also:Newcastle enjoyed; in 1230 Bishop See also:Richard Poor granted further liberties, including a gild See also:merchant. See also:Edward II. seized the borough as a possession of See also:Robert Bruce, but he could See also:control it very slightly owing to the bishop's See also:powers. In 1328 Edward III. granted the borough too marks towards the town-See also:wall and Richard II. granted murage for seven years, the See also:term being extended in 1400. In 1383 Bishop See also:Fordham gave the burgesses See also:licence to receive tolls within the borough for the See also:maintenance of the walls, while Bishop See also:Neville granted a See also:commission for the construction of a See also:pier or See also:mole. In the 16th century Hartlepool was less prosperous; in 1523 the haven was said to be ruined, the fortifications decayed. An See also:act of 1535 declared Hartlepool to be in See also:Yorkshire, but in 1554 it was re-instated in the county of Durham. It See also:fell into the hands of the See also:northern earls in 1563, and a See also:garrison was maintained there after the See also:rebellion was crushed. In 1593 See also:Elizabeth incorporated it, and gave the burgesses a town hall and See also:court of See also:pie See also:powder. During the See also:civil See also:wars Hartlepool, which a few years before was said to be the only port town in the country, was taken by the Scots, who maintained a garrison there until 1647. As a borough of the See also:Palatinate Hartlepool was not represented in See also:parliament until the l9th century, though strong arguments in its favout were advanced in the See also:Commons in 1614. The markets of
Hartlepool were important throughout the See also:middle ages. In I216 John confirmed toRobertBruce the market on Wednesday granted to his See also:father and the See also:fair on the feast of St See also:- LAWRENCE
- LAWRENCE (LAURENTIUS, LORENZO), ST
- LAWRENCE, AMOS (1786—1852)
- LAWRENCE, AMOS ADAMS (1814–1886)
- LAWRENCE, GEORGE ALFRED (1827–1876)
- LAWRENCE, JOHN LAIRD MAIR LAWRENCE, 1ST BARON (1811-1879)
- LAWRENCE, SIR HENRY MONTGOMERY (1806–1857)
- LAWRENCE, SIR THOMAS (1769–1830)
- LAWRENCE, STRINGER (1697–1775)
Lawrence; this fair was extended to fifteen days by the See also:- GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
- GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
- GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
- GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
- GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
- GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
- GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
- GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
- GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
- GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
- GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
- GRANT, U
- GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)
grant of 1230, while the charter of 1595 also granted a fair and market. During the 14th century trade was carried on with See also:Germany, See also:Spain and See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland, and in 1346 Hartlepool provided five ships for the French See also:war, being considered one of the See also:chief seaports in the See also:kingdom. The markets were still considerable in See also:Camden's See also:day, but declined during the 18th century,'when Hartlepool became fashionable as a watering-See also:place.
End of Article: HARTLEPOOL
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