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See also:MACDOWELL, See also:EDWARD See also:ALEXANDER (1861–1908) , See also:American musical composer, was See also:born in New See also:York See also:City on the 18th of See also:December 1861. His See also:father, an Irishman of See also:Belfast, had emigrated to See also:America shortly before the boy's See also:birth. He had a varied See also:education in See also:music, first under See also:Spanish-American teachers, and then in See also:Europe, at See also:Paris (See also:Debussy being a See also:fellow See also:- PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)
pupil), See also:Stuttgart, See also:Wiesbaden and See also:Weimar, where he was chiefly influenced by See also:Joachim, See also:Raff and See also:Liszt. From 1879 to 1887 he lived in See also:Germany, teaching and studying, and also appearing as See also:solo pianist at important concerts. In 1884 he married Marian Nevins, of New York. In 1888 he returned to America, and settled in See also:Boston till in 1896 he was made See also:professor of music at See also:Columbia University, New York. He resigned this See also:post in 1904, and in 1905 overwork' and See also:insomnia resulted in a See also:complete cerebral collapse. He died on the 24th of See also:January 1908. MacDowell's See also:work gives him perhaps the highest See also:place among American composers. Deeply influenced by See also:modern See also:French See also:models and by See also:German romanticism, full of See also:poetry and " See also:atmosphere," and founded on the "See also:programme, " See also:idea of See also:composition, it is essentially creative in the spirit of a searcher after delicate truths of See also:artistic expression. His employment of touches of American folk-See also:song, suggested by See also:Indian themes, is characteristic. This is notably the See also:case with his orchestral Indian See also:Suite (1896) and Woodland Sketches for the piano. His first See also:concerto, in A See also:minor, for piano and See also:orchestra, and
first See also:pianoforte suite, were performed at Weimar in 1882.
His See also:works include orchestral suites and " poems," songs,
choruses, and various pieces for pianoforte, his own See also:instrument; they are numbered from op. 9 to op. 62, his first eight numbered works being destroyed by him.
See See also:- LAWRENCE
- LAWRENCE (LAURENTIUS, LORENZO), ST
- LAWRENCE, AMOS (1786—1852)
- LAWRENCE, AMOS ADAMS (1814–1886)
- LAWRENCE, GEORGE ALFRED (1827–1876)
- LAWRENCE, JOHN LAIRD MAIR LAWRENCE, 1ST BARON (1811-1879)
- LAWRENCE, SIR HENRY MONTGOMERY (1806–1857)
- LAWRENCE, SIR THOMAS (1769–1830)
- LAWRENCE, STRINGER (1697–1775)
Lawrence See also:Gilman, Edward McDDowell (1906).
McDOWELL, IRVIN (1818-1885), American soldier, was born in See also:Columbus, See also:Ohio, on the 15th of See also:October 1818. He was educated in See also:France, and graduated at the U. S. military See also:academy in 1838. From 1841 to 1845 he was instructor, and later See also:adjutant, at See also:West Point. He won the See also:brevet of See also:captain in the Mexican See also:War, at the See also:battle of Buena Vista, and served as adjutant-See also:general, chiefly at See also:Washington, until 1861, being promoted See also:major in 1856. In 1858-1859 he visited Europe. Whilst occupied in mustering See also:volunteers at the See also:capital, he was made brigadier-general in May 1861, and placed in command during the premature Virginian See also:campaign of See also:July, which ended in the defeat at See also:Bull Run. Under McClellan he became a See also:corps See also:commander and major-general of volunteers (See also:March 1862). When the See also:Peninsular campaign began McDowell's corps was detained against McClellan's wishes, sent away to join in the fruitless See also:chase of " Stonewall " See also:Jackson in the See also:Shenandoah Valley, and eventually came under the command of General See also:Pope, taking See also:part in the disastrous campaign of Second Bull Run. Involved in Pope's disgrace, McDowell was relieved of See also:duty in the See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field (See also:Sept. 1862), and served on the Pacific See also:coast 1864–68. He became, on See also:Meade's See also:death in See also:November 1872, major-general of regulajs (a See also:rank which he already held by brevet), and commanded successively the See also:department of the See also:east, the See also:division of the See also:south, and the division of the Pacific until his retirement in 1882. The latter years of his See also:life were spent in See also:California, and he died at See also:San Francisco on the 4th of May 1885. As a commander he was uniformly unfortunate. Undoubtedly he was a faithful, unselfish and energetic soldier, in patriotic sympathy with the See also:administration, and capable of See also:great achievements. It was his misfortune to be associated with the firstgreat disaster to the See also:Union cause, to See also:play the part of D'Erlon at Quatre-See also:Bras between the armies of See also:Banks and McClellan, and finally to be involved in the See also:catastrophe of Pope's campaign. That he was perhaps too ready to accept great risks at the instance of his superiors is the only just See also:criticism to which his military See also:character was open.
End of Article: MACDOWELL, EDWARD ALEXANDER (1861–1908)
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