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See also:HAYTON (HAITITON, HETHUM) , See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of Little See also:Armenia or See also:Cilicia from 1224 to 1269,- traveller in western and central See also:Asia, See also:Mongolia, &c., was the son. of See also:Constantine Rupen, and became See also:heir to the See also:throne of Lesser Armenia by his See also:marriage with See also:Isabella, daughter and only See also:child of See also:Leo II. After a reign of See also:forty-five years he abdicated (1269) in favour of his son Leo III., became a See also:- MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
- MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
- MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
- MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)
monk and died in 1271. Before his See also:accession he had been " See also:- CONSTABLE (0. Fr. connestable, Fr. connetable, Med. Lat. comestabilis, conestabilis, constabularius, from the Lat. comes stabuli, count of the stable)
- CONSTABLE, ARCHIBALD (1774-1827)
- CONSTABLE, HENRY (1562-1613)
- CONSTABLE, JOHN (1776-1837)
- CONSTABLE, SIR MARMADUKE (c. 1455-1518)
constable," or See also:head of the Armenian See also:army, and " See also:bailiff " of the See also:realm. Throughout his reign he followed the policy of friendship and See also:alliance with the overwhelming See also:power of the See also:Mongols. In about 1248 he sent his See also:brother Sempad, who was now constable in his See also:place, on a See also:mission to Kuyuk See also:Khan, the supreme Mongol See also:emperor. Sempad was well received and returned See also:home in 1250, bringing letters from Kuyuk. After Mangu's accession in 1251, See also:Batu (the most powerful of the Mongol princes and generals, and the conqueror—in name at least—of eastern See also:Europe, now commanding on the See also:line of the See also:Volga) summoned Hayton to the See also:court of the new See also:grand khan. Carefully disguised, so as to pass safely through the See also:Turkish states in the interior of eastern Asia See also:Minor (where he was hated as an ally of the Mongols against See also:Islam), Hayton made his way to See also:Kars, the central Mongol See also:camp in See also:Great Armenia, where the famous See also:general Bachu, or Baiju, commanded. Here he reported himself, and was permitted to remain some See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time in the See also:Ararat region, at the See also:foot of Mt Alagoz, near the See also:metropolitan See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of
See also:Echmiadzin. Beiug joined by his See also:suite, especially the clerical diplomatists See also:Basil the See also:Priest, and See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James the See also:- ABBOT (from the Hebrew ab, a father, through the Syriac abba, Lat. abbas, gen. abbatis, O.E. abbad, fr. late Lat. form abbad-em changed in 13th century under influence of the Lat. form to abbat, used alternatively till the end of the 17th century; Ger. Ab
- ABBOT, EZRA (1819-1884)
- ABBOT, GEORGE (1603-1648)
- ABBOT, ROBERT (1588?–1662?)
- ABBOT, WILLIAM (1798-1843)
Abbot, Hayton next passed through eastern See also:Caucasia, threading the pass of the See also:Iron See also:Gates of See also:Derbent, and so reached the camp of Batu on the Volga, where he was cordially welcomed. Thence he set out (May 13th, 12 J4) on the " very See also:long road beyond the See also:Caspian See also:Sea " to the See also:residence of Mangu at or near See also:Karakorum, See also:south of See also:Lake See also:Baikal. After passing the Ural See also:river, we only hear of his arrival at Or, probably the See also:present See also:Ili See also:province, See also:east of Balkhash, and of his reaching the Irtish, entering the Naiman See also:country, and passing through "Karakhitai " (apparently the See also:capital of the ruined Karakhitai See also:empire is intended, a place perhaps situated on the Chu, mentioned out of itsproper place in Hayton's See also:record). On the 13th of See also:September the travellers entered Mongolia, and on the 14th (?) of September were received by Mangu. Here the king remained till the 1st of See also:November, when he See also:left with diplomas, See also:seals and letters of enfranchisement which promised great things for the Armenian See also:state, church and See also:people. His return See also:journey was by very unusual and interesting routes—through the Urumtsi region, the See also:basin of " the sea of See also:milk," Lake Sairam, the valley of the Ili, the neighbourhood of Kuija, and so over mountains, which probably See also:answer to certain outliers of the See also:Alexander range, to Talas near the present Aulie Ata, midway between the Syr Daria and the Chu. Here he met and conferred with Hulagu Khan, Mangu's brother, the future conqueror of See also:Bagdad: probably Hayton was expected to aid in the coming forward See also:movement of the Mongol armies against the Moslem See also:world. From Talas Hayton made a detour to the See also:north-See also:west to meet another Mongol See also:prince, Sartach the son of Batu; after which he ascended the valley of the Syr Daria, crossed into Trans-Oxiana, visited See also:Samarkand and See also:Bokhara, and passed the See also:Oxus apparently near Charjui. By way of Mery and Sarakhs he then entered See also:Khorasan and traversed north See also:Persia, passing through Rai near Tehran, See also:Kazvin and See also:Tabriz, and so returning to the camp of Bachu in Armenia, now at Sisian near Lake See also:Gokcha (See also:July 1255) Thanks to his powerful See also:friends, Hayton's journey was unusually rapid. Eight months after quitting Mangu's See also:horde, he was back in Great Armenia. The narrative of this journey, which was written by a member of the king's suite, one Kirakos of Gandsak (the See also:modern Elizavetpol), concludes with some interesting references to Buddhist tenets, to See also:Chinese habits, to various monstrous races and to certain " See also:women endowed with See also:reason " dwelling " beyond See also:Cathay." It also gives some notes, compounded of truth and See also:legend, on the See also:wild tribes and animals of the See also:Gobi and adjoining regions.
The record See also:drawn up by Kirakos Gandsaketsi was in Armenian. A MS. of his, dated 1616, was found in the Sanahin monastery in See also:Georgia, and translated into See also:Russian by Prince Argutinsky in the Sibirsky Vyestnik for 1822, pp. 69, &c. This Russian version was again translated into See also:French by See also:Klaproth in the Nouveau See also:Journal asiatique for 1833 (vol. xii. pp. 273, &c.). Another French See also:translation was made See also:direct from the Armenian by M. Brosset in the Memoires de l'Academie See also:des Sciences de St Petersbourg for 187o; a fresh Russian version of the See also:original, by See also:Professor Patkanov, appeared in 1874. See also E. See also:Bretschneider, See also:Medieval Researches from Eastern See also:Asiatic See also:Sources, i. 164-172 (See also:London, 1888, " Trtibner's See also:Oriental " See also:Series) ; C. R. Beazley, See also:Dawn of Modern See also:Geography, ii. 381-391 (1901). (C. R.
End of Article: HAYTON (HAITITON, HETHUM)
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