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PITCAIRN , an See also:island in the See also:mid-eastern Pacific Ocean, in 25° 3' S., 130° 6' W., belonging to See also:Great See also:Britain. It lies See also:south of the See also:Paumotu See also:archipelago, roo m. from the nearest member of this See also:group. Unlike the See also:majority of the islands in this region, it is without See also:coral reefs, but rises abruptly with steep and rugged cliffs of dark basaltic See also:lava. The extreme See also:elevation is over 2000 ft., and the See also:area 2 sq. m. The See also:soil in the valleys is volcanic and fertile, but the See also:gradual utilization of natural See also:timber increases the liability to drought, as there are no streams. The See also:climate is variable and See also:rainy. See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
Stone axes, remains of carved stone pillars similar to those of See also:Easter Island, and skeletons with a See also:pearl-See also:mussel beneath the See also:head have been found in the island, though it was uninhabited when discovered by See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip See also:Carteret in 1767. Pitcairn was the name of the See also:midshipman who first observed it.
The island was destined to become the See also:scene of a curious social experiment. On the 28th of See also:April 1789 a See also:mutiny See also:broke out on See also:board the " See also:Bounty," then employed by the See also:British See also:government in conveying See also:young See also:bread-See also:fruit trees from See also:Tahiti to the See also:West Indies. The See also:commander, See also:Lieutenant See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William See also:Bligh, was set adrift in the See also:launch with See also:part of the See also:- CREW (sometimes explained as a sea term of Scandinavian origin, cf. O. Icel. kris, a swarm or crowd, but now regarded as a shortened form of accrue, accrewe, used in the 16th century in the sense of a reinforcement, O. Fr. acreue, from accrofire, to grow,
- CREW, NATHANIEL CREW, 3RD BARON (1633–1721)
crew, but managed to make his way to See also:Timor in the See also:Malay Archipelago. The twenty-five mutineers at first all returned to Tahiti. Some remained, and six of these were ultimately See also:court-martialled in See also:England, three being executed in 1792. Meanwhile in 1790 a party consisting of See also:Fletcher See also:Christian, the See also:leader of the mutiny, eight Englishmen, six Polynesian men and twelve Polynesian See also:women had taken See also:possession of Pitcairn Island and burned the " Bounty." Treachery and debauchery filled the first years of the See also:annals of the beautiful island. By 1800 all the men were dead except See also:Alexander See also:- SMITH
- SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
- SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
- SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
- SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
- SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
- SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
- SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
- SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
- SMITH, G
- SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
- SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
- SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
- SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
- SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
- SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
- SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
- SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
- SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
- SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
- SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
- SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
- SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
- SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
- SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
- SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
- SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
- SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
- SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
- SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
- SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)
Smith, afterwards known as See also:John See also:- ADAMS
- ADAMS, ANDREW LEITH (1827-1882)
- ADAMS, CHARLES FRANCIS (1807-1886)
- ADAMS, HENRY (1838— )
- ADAMS, HENRY CARTER (1852— )
- ADAMS, HERBERT (i858— )
- ADAMS, HERBERT BAXTER (1850—1901)
- ADAMS, JOHN (1735–1826)
- ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY (1767-1848)
- ADAMS, SAMUEL (1722-1803)
- ADAMS, THOMAS (d. c. 1655)
- ADAMS, WILLIAM (d. 162o)
Adams, who See also:rose to a sense of his responsibility and successfully trained up the youthful See also:generation See also:left in his See also:charge. An See also:American See also:vessel, the " Topaze," discovered the See also:strange See also:colony in 18o8; again, by See also:accident, it was visited by the " Briton," See also:Captain See also:Sir F. See also:Staines, and the " See also:Tagus," Captain Pipon, in 1817; and by the exploring See also:ship " Blossom " in 1825. On the See also:death of John Adams on the 29th of See also:March 1829 See also:George Hunn Nobbs, who had settled at Pitcairn in 1828, was appointed pastor and See also:chief See also:magistrate. Through fear of drought the islanders removed to Tahiti in 183o, but disapproved of both the climate and the morals of this island, and returned to Pitcairn in 1831. Shortly after this an adventurer named See also:Joshua See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
Hill appeared, and, claiming government authority, tyrannized over the islanders till his removal by a British See also:man-of-See also:war in 1838. In 1856 the whole of the islanders—6o married persons and 134 young men, women and See also:children—were landed on
See also:Norfolk Island, but in 1858 two families See also:chose to return, and their example was afterwards followed by a few others. Visited in 1873 and 1878 the colony was found in excellent See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order, but by the end of the See also:century it was stated that intermarriage was bringing a deterioration of See also:intellect, morals and See also:energy, and that the islanders would probably See also:drift into imbecility. Later accounts made it appear that this was an exaggeration, although the See also:standard of morality was unquestionably See also:low on the whole.
In See also:religion the islanders are Seventh See also:Day See also:Adventists. " They have adopted an extraordinary See also:patois, derived from the See also:language of the Tahitian women who accompanied the mutineers of the " Bounty " to Pitcairn Island, although most of the adults can speak the See also:English language fairly well " (R. T. Simons, See also:Report, 19o5). The island is a British colony by See also:settlement, and is within the See also:jurisdiction of the High See also:Commissioner for the Western Pacific (since 1898). There is a governing See also:body chosen from among the islanders, the constitution of which has been altered more than once owing to See also:internal jealousies, &c. The island produces sweet potatoes, yams, melons, bananas and other fruits, See also:arrowroot and See also:coffee. Goats and chickens run See also:wild. Some See also:trade is carried on with Mangareva in a vessel owned by the islanders. The See also:population is about 170.
End of Article: PITCAIRN
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