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EGLINTON, EARLS OF

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Originally appearing in Volume V09, Page 18 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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EGLINTON, EARLS OF . The See also:title of See also:earl of Eglinton has been held by the famous Scottish See also:family of See also:Montgomerie since 15o8. The attempts made to trace the descent of this See also:house to See also:Roger of See also:Montgomery, earl of See also:Shrewsbury (d. 1094), one of See also:William the Conqueror's followers, will not See also:bear examination, and the sure See also:pedigree of the family only begins with See also:Sir See also:John Montgomerie, See also:lord of Eaglesham, who fought at the See also:battle of Otterbourne in 1,88 and died about 1398. His See also:grandson, Sir See also:Alexander Montgom8rie (d. c. 146o), was made a lord of the Scottish See also:parliament about 1445 as Lord Montgomerie, and Sir Alexander's See also:great-grandson See also:Hugh, the 3rd lord (c. 146o-1545), was created earl of Eglinton, or Eglintoun, in 1508. Hugh, who was a See also:person of importance during the minority of See also:James V., was succeeded by his grandson Hugh (d. 1546), and then by the latter's son Hugh (c. 1531—1585), who became 3rd earl of Eglinton. This nobleman was a See also:firm supporter of See also:Mary See also:queen of Scots, for whom he fought at Langside, and of the See also:Roman See also:Catholic See also:Church; his son and successor;Hugh,was murdered inApril 1586 by the Cunninghams, a family with which his own had an hereditary See also:blood See also:feud. In 1612, by the See also:death of Hugh, the 5th earl, the male See also:line of the Montgomeries became See also:extinct.

Having no See also:

children Earl Hugh had settled his title and estates on his See also:cousin, Sir Alexander See also:Seton of Foulstruther (1588-1661), a younger son of See also:Robert Seton, 1st earl of Wintoun (c. 1550-16c3), and his wife See also:Margaret, daughter of the 3rd earl of Eglinton. Alexander, who thus became the 6th earl of Eglinton and took the name of Montgomerie, was commonly called Greysteel; he was a prominent Covenanter and fought against See also:Charles I. at See also:Marston See also:Moor. Later, however, he supported the cause of Charles II., and .See also:fell into the hands of See also:Cromwell, who imprisoned him. His fifth son, Robert Montgomerie (d. 1684), a soldier of distinction, fought against Cromwell at See also:Dunbar and at See also:Worcester, afterwards escaping from the See also:Tower of See also:London and serving in See also:Denmark. Robert's See also:elder See also:brother, Hugh, 7th earl of Eglinton (1613-1669), who also fought against Cromwell, was the grandfather of Alexander, the 9th earl (c. 166o-1729), who married, for his third wife, Susannah (1689—178o), daughter of Sir See also:Archibald See also:Kennedy, See also:Bart., of Culzean, a See also:lady celebrated for her wit and beauty. Alexander, the loth earl (1723-1769), a son of the 9th earl, was one of the first of the Scottish landowners to carry out improvements on his estates. He was shot near See also:Ardrossan by an See also:excise officer named Mungo See also:Campbell on the 24th of See also:October 1769. His brother and successor, Archibald, the 11th earl (1726—1796), raised a See also:regiment of Highlanders with which he served in See also:America during the Seven Years' See also:War. As he See also:left no male issue he was succeeded in the earldom by his kinsman Hugh Montgomerie (1739-1819), a descendant of the 6th earl, who was created a peer of the See also:United See also:Kingdom as See also:Baron Ardrossan in 18o6.

Before succeeding to the earldom Hugh had served in the See also:

American war and had been a member of parliament; after this event he began to rebuild Eglinton See also:castle on a magnificent See also:scale and to construct a See also:harbour at Ardrossan. This earl's successor was his grandson, Archibald William, the 13th earl (1812-1861), who was See also:born at See also:Palermo in the 29th of See also:September 1812. His See also:father was Archibald, Lord Montgomerie (1773—1814), the eldest son of the 12th earl, and his See also:mother was Mary (d. 1848), a daughter of the 11th earl. Educated at See also:Eton, the See also:young earl's See also:main See also:object of See also:interest for some years was the See also:turf ; he kept a large racing See also:stud and won success and reputation in the sporting See also:world. In 1839 his name became more widely known in connexion with the famous See also:tournament which took See also:place at Eglinton castle and is said to have cost him £30,000 or £40,000. This was made the subject of much ridicule and was partly spoiled by the unfavourable See also:weather, the See also:rain falling in torrents. Yet it was a real tournament and the " knights " See also:broke their spears in the orthodox way. See also:Prince See also:Louis See also:Napoleon (Napoleon III.) took See also:part in it, and Lady See also:Seymour, a daughter of See also:Thomas See also:Sheridan and the wife of Lord Seymour, afterwards 12th See also:duke of See also:Somerset, was the queen of beauty. A See also:list of the challengers with an See also:account of the jousts and the melee will be found in the See also:volume on the tournament written by John See also:Richardson, with drawings by J. H. See also:Nixon.

It is also described by Disraeli in See also:

Endymion. Eglinton was a staunch Tory, and in See also:February 1852 he became lord-See also:lieutenant of See also:Ireland under the earl of See also:Derby. He retired with the See also:ministry in the following See also:December, having by his princely hospitality made himself one of the most popular of Irish viceroys. When Derby returned to See also:office in February 1858 he was again appointed lord-lieutenant, and he discharged the duties of this See also:post until See also:June 1859. In thisyear he was created earl of Winton, an earldom which had been held by his kinsfolk, the Setons, from 1600 until 1716, when See also:George Seton, the 5th earl (c. 1678—1749), was deprived of his honours for high See also:treason. The carl died on the 4th of October 1861, and was succeeded by his eldest son Archibald William (1841—1892). When this earl died in 1892 his younger brother George Arnulph (b. 1848) became 15th earl of Eglinton and 3rd earl of Winton. See Sir W. See also:Fraser, Memorials of the Montgomeries, earls of Eglinton (1859).

End of Article: EGLINTON, EARLS OF

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EGLANTINE (E. Frisian, egeltiere; Fr. aiglantier)
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EGMONT (EGMOND), LAMORAL, COUNT OF