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See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
JAMES IV . (1473-1513), See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Scotland, eldest son of James III., was See also:born on the 17th of See also:March 1473. He was nominally the See also:leader of the rebels who defeated the troops of James III. at the Sauchieburn in See also:June 1488, and became king when his See also:father was killed. As he adopted an entirely different policy with the nobles from that of his father, and, moreover, showed See also:great affability towards the See also:lower class of his subjects, among whom he delighted to wander incognito, few if any of the See also:kings of Scotland have won such See also:general popularity, or passed a reign so untroubled by See also:intestine strife. Crowned at See also:Scone a few days after his See also:accession, James began at once to take an active See also:part in the business of See also:government. A slight insurrection was easily suppressed, and a See also:plot formed by some nobles to See also:hand him over to the See also:English king, See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry VII., came to nothing. In spite of this proceeding Henry wished to live at See also:peace with his See also:northern See also:neighbour, and soon contemplated marrying his daughter to James, but the Scottish king was not equally pacific. When, in 1495, See also:Perkin See also:Warbeck, pretending to be the See also:duke of See also:York, See also:Edward IV.'s younger son, came to Scotland, James bestowed upon him both an income and a See also:- BRIDE (a common Teutonic word, e.g..Goth. bruths, O. Eng. bryd, O. H. Ger. prs2t, Mod. Ger. Bract, Dut. bruid, possibly derived from the root bru-, cook, brew; from the med. latinized form bruta, in the sense of daughter-in-law, is derived the Fr. bru)
bride, and prepared to invade See also:England in his interests. For various reasons the See also:war was confined to a few border forays. After Warbeck See also:left Scotland in 1497, the See also:Spanish See also:ambassador negotiated a peace, and in 1502 a See also:marriage was definitely arranged between James and Henry's daughter See also:Margaret (1489-1541). The See also:wedding took See also:place at Holyrood in See also:August 1503, and it was this See also:union which led to the accession of the See also:- STEWART, ALEXANDER TURNEY (1803-1876)
- STEWART, BALFOUR (1828-1887)
- STEWART, CHARLES (1778–1869)
- STEWART, DUGALD (1753-1828)
- STEWART, J
- STEWART, JOHN (1749—1822)
- STEWART, JULIUS L
- STEWART, SIR DONALD MARTIN (1824–19o0)
- STEWART, SIR HERBERT (1843—1885)
- STEWART, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1540—c. 1605)
- STEWART, STUART
- STEWART, WILLIAM (c. 1480-c. 1550)
Stewart See also:dynasty to the English See also:throne.
About the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time James crushed a See also:rebellion in the western isles, into which he had previously led expeditions, and parliamerit took See also:measures to strengthen the royal authority therein. At this date too, or a little earlier, the king of Scotland began to treat as an equal with the powerful princes of See also:Europe, See also:Maximilian I., See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XII.,and others; sending assistance to his See also:uncle Hans, king of See also:Denmark, and receiving See also:special marks of favour from See also:Pope See also:Julius II., anxious to obtain his support. But his position was weakened when Henry VIII. followed Henry VII. on the English throne in 1509. Causes of See also:quarrel already existed, and other causes, both public and private, soon arose between the two kings; See also:sea-fights took place between their See also:ships, while war was brought nearer by the treaty of See also:alliance which James concluded with Louis XII. in 1512. Henry made a vain effort to prevent, or to postpone, the outbreak of hostilities; but urged on by his See also:French ally and his See also:queen, James declared for war, in spite of the counsels of some of his advisers, and (it is said) of the warning of an apparition. Gathering a large and well-armed force, he took Norham and other castles in August 1513, spending some time at See also:Ford See also:Castle, where, according to See also:report, he was en-gaged in an amorous intrigue with the wife of its owner, 'her,
he moved out to fight the advancing English See also:army under See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas See also:Howard, See also:earl of See also:Surrey. The See also:battle, which took place at See also:Flodden, or more correctly, at the See also:foot of Brankston See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
Hill, on See also:Friday the 9th of See also:September 1513, is among the most famous and disastrous, if not among the most momentous, in the See also:history of Scotland. Having led his troops from their position of vantage, the king himself was killed while fighting on foot, together with nearly all his nobles; there was no See also:foundation for the rumour that he had escaped from the carnage. He left one legitimate See also:child, his successor James V., but as his gallantries were numerous he had many illegitimate See also:children, among them (by See also:Marion See also:Boyd) See also:Alexander Stewart, See also:archbishop of St See also:Andrews and See also:chancellor of Scotland, who was killed at Flodden, and (by See also:Janet See also:Kennedy) James Stewart, earl of See also:Moray (d. 1544). One of his other mistresses was Margaret See also:Drummond (d. 1501).
James appears to have been a brave and generous See also:man, and a See also:wise and energetic king. According to one See also:account, he was possessed of considerable learning; during his reign the Scottish See also:court attained some degree of refinement, and Scotland counted in See also:European politics as she had never done before. Literature flourished under the royal patronage, See also:education was encouraged, and the material See also:condition of the See also:country improved enormously. Prominent both as an See also:administrator and as a lawgiver, the king by his vigorous See also:rule did much to destroy the tendencies to See also:independence which existed in the See also:Highlands and Islands; but, on the other hand, his rash conduct at Flodden brought much misery upon his See also:kingdom. He was specially interested in his See also:navy. The tournaments which took place under his auspices were worthy of the best days of See also:chivalry in See also:France and England. James shared to the full in the superstitions of the See also:age which was quickly passing away. He is said to have worn an See also:iron See also:belt as See also:penance for his See also:share in his father's See also:death; and by his frequent visits to shrines, and his benefactions to religious See also:foundations, he won a reputation for piety.
End of Article: JAMES IV
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