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WILLIAMSTOWN

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 686 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WILLIAMSTOWN , a township of See also:

Berkshire See also:county, See also:Massachusetts, U.S.A., on the Hoosick and See also:Green See also:rivers, in the N.W. corner of the See also:state, and about 20 M. N. of See also:Pittsfield. Pop. (1890) 4221; (1900) 5013, of whom 929 were See also:foreign-See also:born and 138 were negroes; (1910 See also:census), 3708. Williamstown is served by the See also:Boston & See also:Maine railway and by an interurban electric See also:line to See also:North See also:Adams. It covers an See also:area of about 49 sq. m. and contains five villages. Williamstown, the See also:principal See also:village, is a pleasant residential centre on the Green See also:river; it is surrounded by beautiful scenery and its streets are shaded by some See also:fine old trees. See also:Mission See also:Park (ro acres) here is adorned by native and foreign shrubs and by maples, elms, pines and arbor vitae, and " Haystack See also:Monument " in this park marks the See also:place where See also:Samuel See also:John See also:Mills (1783-1818), in 18o6, held the See also:prayer See also:meeting which was the forerunner of the See also:American foreign missionary See also:movement. Williamstown village is best known as the seat of See also:Williams See also:College, chartered in 1793 as a successor to a " See also:free school " in Williamstown (chartered in 1785 and endowed by a See also:bequest of See also:Colonel See also:Ephraim Williams). Besides recitation and See also:residence halls, it has the See also:Lawrence See also:Hall Library (1846), containing (1910) 68,000 volumes, the See also:Thompson Memorial See also:Chapel (1904), the Lasell Gymnasium (1886), an infirmary (1895), the See also:Hopkins See also:Observatory (1837) and the See also:Field Memorial Observatory (1882), the Thompson Chemical Laboratory (1892), the Thompson Biological Laboratory (1893) and the Thompson See also:Physical Laboratory (1893). In 1910 the college had 59 instructors and 537 students. The See also:fourth See also:president of the college was See also:Mark Hopkins (q.v.), and one of its most distinguished alumni was See also:James A.

See also:

Garfield, president of the See also:United States, whose son, Harry See also:Augustus Garfield (b. 1863), became president of the college in 1908. The principal manufactures of the township are See also:cotton and woollen goods (especially See also:corduroy), and See also:market gardening is an important See also:industry. The' limits of the township, originally called See also:West Hoosac, were determined by a See also:committee of the See also:General See also:Court of Massachusetts in 1749, and two or three years later the village was laid out. Two of the lots were immediately See also:purchased by See also:Captain Ephraim Williams (1715-1755), who was at the See also:time See also:commander of Fort Massachusetts in the vicinity; several other lots were bought by soldiers under him; and in 1753 the proprietors organized a township See also:government. Williams was killed in the See also:battle of See also:Lake See also:George on the 8th of See also:September 1755, but while in See also:camp in See also:Albany, New See also:York, a few days before the battle, he See also:drew a will containing a small bequest for a free school at West Hoosac, on See also:condition that the township when incorporated should be called Williamstown. The township was incorporated with that name in 1765. See A. L. See also:Perry, Origins in Williamstown (New York, 1894; 3rd ed. 1900) ; and Williamstown and Williams College (See also:Norwood, See also:Mass., 1899). WILLIAMS-See also:WYNN, See also:SIR See also:WATKIN, See also:BART.

(1592-1749), Welsh politician, was the eldest son and See also:

heir of Sir See also:William Williams, Bart., of Llanforda near See also:Oswestry; his See also:mother, Jane Thelwall, was a descendant of the See also:antiquary, Sir John Wynn of Gwydir, See also:Carnarvonshire. Educated at Jesus College, See also:Oxford, Williams succeeded to Wynnstay near See also:Ruabon and the estates of the Wynns on the See also:death of a later Sir John Wynn in 1719, and took the name of Williams-Wynn. He was member of See also:parliament for Denbighshire from 1716 to 1741, and was prominent among the opponents of Sir See also:Robert See also:Walpole; as a leading and influential Jacobite he was in communication with the supporters of See also:Prince See also:Charles See also:Edward before the rising of 1745, but his definite offer of help did not reach the prince until the See also:retreat to See also:Scotland had begun. He died on the 26th of September 1749. His first wife, See also:Ann See also:Vaughan (d, 1748), was the heiress of extensive estates in See also:Montgomeryshire which still belong to the See also:family. His son and heir, Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, Bart. (1749-1789), was the See also:father of another Sir Watkin (1772-1842), the 5th See also:baronet. Two other sons attained some measure of distinction: Charles (1775-185o), a prominent Tory politician, and Sir See also:Henry (1783-1856), a diplomatist. A daughter, Frances Williams-Wynn (d. 1857), was the authoress of Diaries of a See also:Lady of Quality, 1797-r844, which were edited with notes by See also:Abraham See also:Hayward in 1864. See See also:Askew See also:Roberts, Wynnstay and the Wynns (Oswestry, 1876).

End of Article: WILLIAMSTOWN

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