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See also:SCHOMBERG (originally SCHONBERG), See also:FRIEDRICH See also:HERMANN (Or See also:FREDERIC ARMAND), See also:DUKE OF (c. 1615—1690) , See also:marshal of See also:France and See also:English See also:general, was descended front an old See also:family of the See also:Palatinate, and was See also:born in See also:December 1615 or See also:January 1616, at See also:Heidelberg, the son of Hans Meinard von Schonberg (1582—1616) and See also:Anne See also:Sutton, daughter of the 9th See also:Lord See also:Dudley. An See also:orphan within a few months of his See also:birth, he was educated by various See also:friends, among whom was the " See also:Winter See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King," See also:Frederick V. of the Palatinate, in whose service his See also:father had been. He began his military career under Frederick See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry, See also:prince of See also:Orange, and passed about 1634 into the See also:Swedish service, whence he entered that of France in 1635. His family, and the allied See also:house of the Saxon Schonbergs had already attained See also:eminence in France). After a See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time he retired to his family See also:estate at Geisenheim on the See also:Rhine, but in 1639 he re-
f Of the Misnian Schonbergs in See also:French See also:history may be named Gaspard de Schomberg, See also:count of See also:Nanteuil (d. 1599), French soldier and statesman, his son, See also:Henri, count of Nanteuil and Duretal, See also:marquis d'Espinoy (1575–1632) grandmaster of the See also:artillery, marshal of France, and Henri's son See also:Charles (d. 1656), who by See also:marriage became duc d'See also:Halluin, and was marshal of France and also, during the See also:war with See also:Spain, See also:viceroy of See also:Catalonia. Of the Palatinate family, See also:Theodoric (d. 1590) was killed at Ivry in the service of Henry IV.entered the Dutch See also:army, in which, apparently, with a few intervals spent at Geisenheim, he remained until about 165o. He then rejoined the French army as a general officer (marechal de See also:camp), served under See also:Turenne in the See also:campaigns against See also:Conde, and became a See also:lieutenant-general in 1665, receiving this rapid promotion perhaps partly owing to his relationship with the duc d'Halluin, but mainly because he was looked upon as the eventual successor of the See also:great generals then at the height of their fame.
After the See also:peace of the See also:Pyrenees (16J9) the See also:independence of See also:Portugal being again menaced by Spain, Schomberg was sent as military adviser to See also:Lisbon with the See also:secret approval of Charles II. of See also:England (who knew him personally and about this time created him See also:baron of Tetford) and See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XIV., who in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order not to infringe the treaty just made with Spain, deprived Schomberg of his French offices. After See also:- MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)
meeting in the three first campaigns many difficulties from the insubordination of many of the Portuguese See also:officers, Schomberg won the victory of Montes Claros on the 17th of See also:June 1665 over the Spaniards under the prince of See also:Parma. After participating with his army in the revolution which deposed the reigning king in favour of his See also:brother dom Pedro, and ending the war with Spain, Schomberg returned to France, became a naturalized Frenchman and bought the' lordship of Coubert near See also:Paris. He had been rewarded by the king of Portugal, in 1663, with the See also:rank of See also:Grandee, the See also:title of count of Mertola and a See also:pension of 5000 a See also:year. In 1673 he was invited by Charles to England, with the view of taking command of the army, but sentiment was so strong against the See also:appointment, as savouring of French See also:influence, that it was not carried into effect. He therefore again entered the service of France. His first operations in Catalonia were unsuccessful owing to the disobedience of subordinates and the rawness of his troops, but he retrieved the failure of 1674 by retaking See also:Bellegarde in 1675. For this he was made a marshal, being included in the promotion that followed the See also:death of Turenne. The See also:tide had now set against the See also:Huguenots, and Schomberg's merits had been See also:long ignored on See also:account of his adherence to the See also:Protestant See also:religion. The revocation of the See also:edict of See also:Nantes (1685) compelled him to quit his adopted See also:country. Ultimately he became general-in-See also:chief of the forces of the elector of See also:Brandenburg, and at See also:Berlin he was the acknowledged See also:leader of the thousands of Huguenot refugees there. Soon afterwards, with the elector's consent, he joined the prince of Orange on his expedition to England in 1688, as second in command to the prince. The following year he was made a See also:knight of the Garter, was created successively baron, marquis and duke, was appointed See also:master-general of the See also:ordnance, and received from the House of See also:Commons a See also:vote of Lloo,000 to compensate him for the loss of his French estates, of which Louis had deprived him. In See also:August he was appointed See also:commander-in-chief of the expedition to See also:Ireland against See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James II. After capturing See also:Carrickfergus he marched unopposed through a country desolated before him to See also:Dundalk, but, as the bulk of his forces were raw and undisciplined as well as inferior in See also:numbers to the enemy, he deemed it imprudent to See also:risk a See also:battle, and entrenching himself at Dundalk declined to be See also:drawn beyond the circle of his defences. Shortly afterwards pestilence See also:broke out, and when he retired to winter quarters in See also:Ulster his forces were more shattered than if they had sustained a severe defeat. His conduct was criticized in See also:ill-informed quarters, but the facts justified his inactivity, and he gave a striking example of his generous spirit in placing at See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William's disposal for military purposes the floo,000 recently voted him. In the See also:spring he began the See also:campaign with the See also:capture of See also:Charlemont, but no advance southward was made until the arrival of William. At the See also:Boyne (See also:July 1, 169o) Schomberg gave his See also:opinion against the determination of William to See also:cross the See also:river in See also:face of the opposing army. In the battle he commanded the centre, and while See also:riding through the river without his See also:cuirass to rally his men, was. surrounded by Irish horsemen and instantly killed. He was buried in St See also:Patrick's See also:cathedral, See also:Dublin, where there is a See also:monument to him., erected in 1731, with a Latin inscription by See also:Dean See also:Swift.
His eldest son Charles, the second duke in the English See also:peerage, died in the year 1693 of wounds received at the battle of Marsaglia.
The most important See also:work on Schomberg's See also:life and career is Kazner's Leben Friedrichs von Schomberg See also:oder Schonberg (See also:Mannheim, 1789). The military histories and See also:memoirs of the time should also be consulted.
End of Article: SCHOMBERG (originally SCHONBERG), FRIEDRICH HERMANN (Or FREDERIC ARMAND), DUKE OF (c. 1615—1690)
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