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HERRICK, ROBERT (1591-1674)

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 390 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HERRICK, See also:ROBERT (1591-1674) , See also:English poet, was See also:born at Cheapside, See also:London, and baptized cm the 24th of See also:August 1.591. He belonged to an old See also:Leicestershire See also:family which had settled in London. He was the seventh See also:child of See also:Nicholas Herrick, See also:gold-See also:smith, of the See also:city of London, who died in 1592, under suspicion of See also:suicide. The See also:children were brought up by their See also:uncle, See also:Sir See also:William Herrick, one of the richest goldsmiths of the See also:day, to whom in 1607 Robert was See also:bound apprentice. He had probably been educated at See also:Westminster school, and in 1614 he proceeded to See also:Cambridge; and it was no doubt during his See also:apprenticeship that the See also:young poet was introduced to that circle of wits which he was afterwards to adorn. He seems to have been See also:present at the first performance of The Alchemist in Oro, and it was probably about this See also:time that See also:Ben See also:Jonson adopted him as his poetical " son." He entered the university as See also:fellow-commoner of St See also:John's See also:College, and he remained there until, in 1616, upon taking his degree, he removed to Trinity See also:Hall. A lively See also:series of fourteen letters to his uncle, mainly begging for See also:money, exists at See also:Beaumanoir, and shows that Herrick suffered much from poverty at the university. He took his B.A. in 16r7, and in 162o he became See also:master of arts. From this date until 1627 we entirely lose sight of him; it has been variously conjectured that he spent these years preparing for the See also:ministry at Cambridge, or in much looser pursuits in London. In 1629 (See also:September 30) he was presented by the See also:king to the vicarage of See also:Dean See also:Prior, not far from See also:Totnes in See also:Devonshire. At Dean Prior he resided quietly until 1648, when he was ejected by the Puritans. The solitude there oppressed him at first; the See also:village was dull and remote, and he See also:felt very bitterly that he was cut off from all See also:literary and social associations; but soon the quiet existence in Devonshire soothed and delighted him.

He was pleased with the rural and semi-See also:

pagan customs that survived in the village, and in some of his most charming verses he has immortalized the See also:morris-dances, wakes and quintains, the See also:Christmas See also:mummers and the Twelfth See also:Night revellings, that diversified the quiet of Dean Prior. Herrick never married, but lived at the vicarage surrounded by a happy family of pets, and tended by an excellent old servant named Prudence See also:Baldwin. His first See also:appearance in See also:print was in sonne verses he contributed to A Description of the King and See also:Queen of Fairies, in 1635. In 1650 a See also:volume of Wit's Recreatialc contained sixty-two small poems afterwards acknowledged by Herrick in the See also:Hesperides, and one not reprinted until our own day. These partial appearances make it probable that he visited London from time to time. We have few hints of his See also:life as a clergyman. See also:Anthony See also:Wood says that Herricks's sermons were florid and witty, and that he was " beloved by the neighbouring gentry." A very aged woman, one Dorothy King, stated that the poet once threw his See also:sermon at his See also:congregation, cursing them for their inattention. The same old woman recollected his favourite See also:pig, which he taught to drink out of a See also:tankard. He was a devotedly loyal supporter of the king during the See also:Civil See also:War, and immediately upon his ejection in 1648 he published his celebrated collection of lyrical poems, entitled Hesperides; or the See also:Works both Human and Divine of Robert Herrick. The " divine works " See also:bore the See also:title of See also:Noble See also:Numbers and the date 1647. That he was reduced to See also:great poverty in London has been stated, but there is no See also:evidence of the fact. In August 1662 Herrick returned to Dean Prior, supplanting his own supplanter, Dr John Syms.

He died in his eighty-See also:

fourth See also:year, and was buried at Dean Prior, See also:October 15, 1674. A See also:monument was erected to his memory in the See also:parish See also:church in 1857, by Mr See also:Perry Herrick, a descendant of a See also:collateral See also:branch of the family. The Hesperides (and Noble Numbers) is the only volume which Herrick published, but he contributed poems to Lachrymae Musarum (1649) and to Wit's Recreations. As a See also:pastoral lyrist Herrick stands first among English poets. His See also:genius is limited in See also:scope, and comparatively unambitious, but in its own See also:field it is unrivalled. His tiny poems—and of the thirteen See also:hundred that he has See also:left behind him not one is See also:long—are like jewels of various value, heaped together in a See also:casket. Some are of the purest See also:water, radiant with See also:light and See also:colour, some were originally set in false See also:metal that has tarnished, some were See also:rude and repulsive from the first. Out of the unarranged, heterogeneous See also:mass the student has to select what is not See also:worth See also:reading, but, after he has See also:cast aside all the rubbish, he is astonished at the amount of excellent and exquisite See also:work that remains. Herrick has himself summed up, very correctly, the themes of his sylvan muse when he says: " I sing of See also:brooks, of blossoms, birds and bowers, Of See also:April; May, of See also:June and See also:July See also:flowers, I sing of May-poles, hock-carts, wassails, wakes, Of bridegrooms, brides and of their bridal-cakes." He saw the picturesqueness of English homely life as no one before him had seen 'it, and he described it in his See also:verse with a certain See also:purple glow of Arcadian See also:romance over it, in tones of immortal vigour and freshness. His love poems are still more beautiful; the best of them have an ardour and See also:tender sweetness which give them a See also:place in the forefront of See also:modern lyrical See also:poetry, and remind us of what was best in See also:Horace and in the poets of the See also:Greek See also:anthology. After suffering See also:complete extinction for more than a See also:century, the fame of Herrick was revived by John See also:Nichols, who introduced his poems to the readers of the See also:Gentleman's See also:Magazine of 1796 and 1797. Dr See also:Drake followed in 1798 with considerable See also:enthusiasm.

By 1810 See also:

interest had so far revived in the forgotten poet that Dr See also:Nott ventured to print a selection from his poems, which attracted the favourable See also:notice of the Quarterly See also:Review. In 1823 the Hesperides and the Noble Numbers were for the first time edited by Mr T. See also:Maitland, afterwards See also:Lord Dundrennan. Since then the reprints of Herrick's have been too numerous to be mentioned here; there are few English poets of the 17th century whose writings are now more accessible. See F. W. Moorman, Robert Herrick (1910). (E.

End of Article: HERRICK, ROBERT (1591-1674)

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