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See also:SUNDERLAND, See also:CHARLES See also:SPENCER, 3RD See also:EARL OF (c. 1674-1722) , See also:English statesman, was the second son of the 2nd earl, but on the See also:death of his See also:elder See also:brother See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry in See also:Paris in See also:September 1688 he became See also:heir to the See also:peerage. Called by See also:John See also:Evelyn
a youth of extraordinary hopes," he completed his See also:education at See also:Utrecht, and in 1695 entered the See also:House of See also:Commons as member for See also:Tiverton. In the same See also:year he married Arabella, daughter of Henry See also:Cavendish, 2nd See also:duke of See also:Newcastle; she died in 1698 and in 1700 he married See also:Anne See also:Churchill, daughter of the famous duke of See also:Marlborough. This was an important See also:alliance for Sunderland and for his descendants; through it he was introduced to See also:political See also:life and later the dukedom of See also:Marl-See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough came to the Spencers. Having succeeded to the peerage in 1702, the earl was one of the commissioners for the See also:union between See also:England and See also:Scotland, and in 1705 he was sent to See also:Vienna as See also:envoy extraordinary. Although he was tinged With republican ideas and had rendered himself See also:obnoxious to See also:Queen Anne by opposing the See also:- GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
- GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
- GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
- GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
- GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
- GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
- GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
- GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
- GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
- GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
- GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
- GRANT, U
- GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)
grant to her See also:husband, See also:Prince See also:George, through the See also:influence of Marlborough he was foisted into the See also:ministry as secretary of See also:state for the See also:southern See also:department, taking See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office in See also:December 1706. From 1708 to 1710 he was one of the five whigs, called the See also:Junta, who dominated the See also:government. but he had many enemies, the queen still disliked him, and in See also:June 1710 he was dismissed. Anne offered him a See also:pension of £3000 a year, but this he refused, saying " if he could not have the See also:honour to serve his See also:country he would not See also:plunder it."
Sunderland continued to take See also:part in public life, and was active in communicating with the See also:court of See also:Hanover about the steps to be taken in view of the approaching death of the queen. Ile made the acquaintance of George I. in 1706, but when the elector became See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king the office which he secured was the comparatively unimportant one of See also:lord-See also:lieutenant of See also:Ireland. In See also:August 1715 he joined the See also:cabinet as lord keeper of the privy See also:seal, and after a visit to George I. in Hanover he secured in See also:April 1717 the position of secretary of state for the See also:northern department. This he retained until See also:March 1718, when he became first lord of the See also:treasury, holding also the See also:post of lord See also:president of the See also:council. He was now See also:prime See also:minister. Sunderland was especially interested in the proposed peerage See also:bill, a measure designed to limit the number of members of the House of Lords, but this was defeated owing partly to the opposition of See also:Sir See also:Robert See also:Walpole. He was still at the See also:head of affairs when the See also:South See also:Sea bubble burst and this led to his political ruin. He had taken some part in launching the See also:- SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)
scheme of 1720, but he had not profited financially by it; however, public See also:opinion was roused against him and it was only through the efforts of Sir Robert Walpole that he was acquitted by the House of
Commons, when the See also:matter was investigated. In April 1721 he resigned his offices, but he retained his influence with George I. until his death on the 19th of April 1722.
Sunderland inherited his See also:father's See also:passion for intrigue, while his See also:manners were repelling, but he stands high among his associates for disinterestedness and had an alert and discerning mind. From his See also:early years he had a See also:great love of books, and he spent his leisure and his See also:wealth in forming the library at Althorp, which in 1703 was described as " the finest in See also:Europe." In 1749 part of it was removed to See also:Blenheim.
The earl's second wife having died in April 1716, after a career of considerable influence on the political life of her See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time, in 1717 he married an Irish See also:lady of See also:fortune, See also:Judith Tichborne (d. 1749). By Lady Anne Churchill he had three sons and two daughters. Robert (1701-1729), the eldest son, succeeded as 4th earl, and Charles (1706-1758), the second son, became the 5th earl. In 1733 Charles• inherited the dukedom of Marlborough and he then transferred the Sunderland estates to his brother John, father of the 1st Earl Spencer
(see MARLBOROUGH, EARLS AND See also:DUKES OF).
For the career of Sunderland see W. See also:Coxe, See also:Memoirs of Marlborough, (1847-1848); Earl See also:Stanhope, See also:History of England (1853), and I, S Leadam, Political History of England, 1702-1760 (1909).
End of Article: SUNDERLAND, CHARLES SPENCER, 3RD EARL OF (c. 1674-1722)
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