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See also:CARMARTHEN (Caerfyrddin) , a municipal See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough, contributory See also:parliamentary borough (See also:united with See also:Llanelly since 1832), and See also:county See also:town of See also:Carmarthenshire, and a county of itself, finely situated on the right See also:bank of the Towy, which is here tidal and navigable for small See also:craft. Pop. (1901) 10,025. It is the terminal station of a See also:branch of the See also:London & See also:North-Western railway coming southward from See also:Shrewsbury, and is a station on the See also:main See also:line of the See also:Great Western See also:running to See also:Fishguard; it is also the See also:terminus of a branch-line of the Great Western running to See also:Newcastle-See also:Emlyn. The station buildings See also:lie on the See also:left bank of the See also:river, which is here spanned by a See also:fine old See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
stone See also:bridge. There are See also:works for the manufacture of woollens and See also:ropes, also tanneries, but it is as the central See also:market of a large and fertile See also:district that Carmarthen is most important. The weekly Saturday market is well attended, and affords interesting scenes of See also:modern Welsh agricultural See also:life. From the convenient and accessible position of the town, the See also:gaol and lunatic See also:asylum serving for the three See also:south-western counties of Wales—Cardigan, See also:Pembroke and Carmarthen—have been fixed here. Although historically one of the most important towns in South See also:Wales, Carmarthen can boast of very few See also:ancient buildings, and the See also:general aspect of the town is modern. A well-preserved gateway of red See also:sandstone and portions of two towers of the See also:castle are included in the buildings of the See also:present gaol, and the old See also:parish See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of St See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter contains some interesting monuments, amongst them being the See also:altar See also:tomb (of the 16th See also:century) of See also:Sir Rhys ap See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas, K.G., and his wife, which was removed hither for safety at the See also:Reformation from the desecrated church of the neighbouring Priory of St See also:John. Some vestiges of this celebrated monastic See also:house, which formerly owned the famous Welsh MS. known as the " See also:Black See also:Book of Carmarthen," are visible between the present Priory See also:Street and the river. Of the more See also:recent erections in the town, mention may be made of the See also:granite See also:obelisk in memory of General Sir 'Thomas See also:Picton (1758–1815) and the See also:bronze statue of General Sir See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William See also:Nott (1784–1846).
Carmarthen is commonly reputed to occupy the site of the See also:Roman station of Maridunum, and its present name is popularly associated with the wizard-statesman See also:Merlin, or Merddyn, whose memory and prophecies are well remembered in these parts of Wales and whose See also:home is popularly believed to have been the conspicuous See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
hill above Abergwili, known as Merlin's Hill. Another derivation of the name is to be found in Caer-m8r-din, signifying " a fortified See also:place near the See also:sea." In any See also:case, the antiquity of the town is undisputed, and it served as the seat of See also:government for Ystrad Tywi until the See also:year 877, when See also:Prince Cadell of South Wales abandoned Carmarthen for Dinefawr, near See also:Llandilo, probably on See also:account of the maritime raids of the Danes and See also:Saxons. Towards the See also:close of the See also:lath century acastle was built here by the See also:Normans, and for the next two See also:hundred years town and castle were frequently taken and retaken by Welsh or See also:English. On the See also:annexation of Wales, See also:Edward I. established here his courts of See also:chancery and See also:exchequer and the great sessions for South Wales. Edward III., by the See also:Statute See also:Staple of 1353, declared Carmarthen the See also:sole staple for Wales, ordering that every See also:bale of Welsh See also:wool should be sealed or " cocketed " here before it left the Principality. The earliest See also:charter recorded was granted in 1201 under See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King John; a charter of See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James I. in 1604 constituted Carmarthen a county of itself; and under a charter by See also:George III. in 1764, which had been specially petitioned for by the citizens, the two See also:separate jurisdictions of Old and New Carmarthen were fused and hence-forth " called by the name of Our Borough of Carmarthen." In 1555 See also:Bishop See also:Farrar of St See also:David's was publicly burned for See also:heresy under See also:Queen See also:Mary at the Market See also:Cross, which was ruthlessly destroyed in 1846 to provide a site for General Nott's statue. In 1646 General Laugharne took and demolished the castle in the name of the See also:parliament, and in 1649 See also:Oliver See also:Cromwell resided at Carmarthen on his way to See also:Ireland. In 1684 the See also:duke of See also:Beaufort with a numerous See also:train made his See also:state entry into Carmarthen as See also:lord-See also:president of Wales and the See also:Marches. With the rise of Llanelly the See also:industrial importance of Carmarthen has tended to decline; but owing to its central position, its close connexion with the bishops of St David's and its historic past the town is still the See also:chief See also:focus of all social, See also:political and ecclesiastical movements in the three counties of See also:Cardigan, Pembroke and Carmarthen. Carmarthen was created a parliamentary borough in 1536.
End of Article: CARMARTHEN (Caerfyrddin)
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