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HEDON

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 197 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HEDON , a municipal See also:

borough in the Holderness See also:parliamentary See also:division of the See also:East See also:Riding of See also:Yorkshire, See also:England, 8 m. E. of See also:Hull by a See also:branch of the See also:North-Eastern railway. Pop. (1901), 101o. It stands in a See also:low-lying, See also:flat See also:district bordering the See also:Humber. It is 2 M. from the See also:river, but was formerly reached by a navigable inlet, now dry, and was a considerable See also:port. There is a small See also:harbour, but the prosperity of the port has passed to Hull. The See also:church of St See also:Augustine is a splendid cruciform See also:building with central See also:tower. It is See also:Early See also:English, Decorated and Perpendicular, the tower being of the last See also:period. The See also:west front is particularly See also:fine, and the church, with its See also:noble See also:pro-portions and lofty clerestories, resembles a See also:cathedral in See also:miniature. There are a manufacture of bricks and an agricultural See also:trade. The See also:corporation consists of a See also:mayor, 3 aldermen and 9 councillors; and possesses a remarkable See also:ancient See also:mace, of 15th-See also:century workmanship.

See also:

Area, 321 acres. According to tradition the men of Hedon received a See also:charter of liberties from See also:King /Ethelstan, but there is no See also:evidence to prove this or indeed to prove any See also:settlement in the See also:town until after the See also:Conquest. The See also:manor is not mentioned in the Domesday Survey, but formed See also:part of the lordship of Holderness which See also:William the Conqueror granted to See also:Odo, See also:count of See also:Albemarle. A charter of See also:Henry II., which is undated, contains the first certain evidence of settlement. By it the king granted to William,count of Albemarle, See also:free borough rights in Hedon so that his burgesses there might hold of him as freely and quietly as the burgesses of See also:York or See also:Lincoln held of the king. An earlier charter granted to the inhabitants of York shows that these rights included a trade gild and freedom from many dues not only in England but also in See also:France. King See also:John in 1200 granted a See also:confirmation of these liberties to See also:Baldwin, count of Albemarle, and Hawisia his wife and for this second charter the burgesses themselves paid 70 marks. In 1272 Henry III. granted to See also:Edmund, See also:earl of See also:Lancaster, and Avelina his wife, then See also:lord and See also:lady of the manor, the right of holding a See also:fair at Hedon on the See also:eve, See also:day, and morrow of the feast of St Augustine and for five following days. After the countess's See also:death the manor came to the hands of See also:Edward I. In 128o it was found by an See also:inquisition that the men of Hedon "were few and poor " and that if the town were demised at a See also:fee-See also:farm See also:rent the town might improve. The See also:grant, however, does not appear to have been made until 1346. Besides this charter Edward III. also granted the burgesses the See also:privilege of electing a mayor and bailiffs every See also:year.

At that See also:

time Hedon was one of the See also:chief ports in the Humber, but its See also:place was gradually taken by Hull after that town came into the hands of the king. Hedon was incorporated by See also:Charles II. in 1661, and See also:James II. in 168o gave the burgesses, another charter granting among other privileges that of holding two extra fairs, but of this they never appear to have taken See also:advantage. The burgesses returned two members to See also:parliament in 1295, and from 1547 to 1832 when the borough was disfranchised. See See also:Victoria See also:County See also:History, Yorkshire; J. R. See also:Boyle, The Early History of the Town and Port of Hedon (Hull and York, 1895) ; G. H. See also:Park, History of the Ancient Borough of Hedon (Hull, 1895).

End of Article: HEDON

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