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CRITTENDEN, JOHN JORDAN (1787-1863)

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 471 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CRITTENDEN, See also:JOHN See also:JORDAN (1787-1863) , See also:American statesman, was See also:born in See also:Versailles, See also:Kentucky, on the loth of See also:September 1787. After graduating at the See also:College of See also:William and See also:Mary in 1807, he began the practice of See also:law in his native See also:state. He served for three months, in 1810, as See also:attorney-See also:general of See also:Illinois Territory, but soon returned to Kentucky, and during the See also:War of 1812 he was for a See also:time on the See also:staff of General See also:Isaac See also:Shelby. In 1811-1817 he served in the state See also:House of Representatives, being See also:speaker in 1815-1816, and in 1817-1819 was a See also:United States senator. Settling in See also:Frankfort, he soon took high See also:rank as a criminal lawyer, was in the Kentucky House of Representatives in 1825 and 1829-1832, acting as speaker in the latter See also:period, and from 1827 to 1829 was United States See also:district-attorney. He was removed by See also:President See also:Jackson, to whom he was radically opposed. In 1835, as a Whig, he was again elected to the United States See also:Senate, and was re-elected in 1841, but resigned to enter the See also:cabinet of President W. H. See also:Harrison as attorney-general, continuing after President See also:Tyler's See also:accession and serving from See also:March until September. He was again a member of the United States Senate from 1842 to 1848, and in 1848-185o was See also:governor of Kentucky. He was an ardent and outspoken supporter of See also:Clay's See also:compromise See also:measures, and in 1850 he entered President See also:Fillmore's cabinet as attorney-general, serving throughout the See also:administration. From 1855 to 1861 he was once more a member of the United States Senate.

During these years he was perhaps the foremost See also:

champion of See also:Union in the See also:South, and strenuously opposed the See also:Kansas-See also:Nebraska See also:Bill, which he declared prophetically would unite the various elements of opposition in the See also:North, and render the See also:breach between the sections irreparable. Nevertheless he laboured unceasingly in the cause of compromise, gave his strong support to the See also:Bell and See also:Everett See also:ticket in 186o, and in 1860-1861 proposed and vainly contended for the See also:adoption by See also:congress of the compromise measures which See also:bear his name. When war became inevitable he threw himself zealously into the Union cause, and See also:lent his See also:great See also:influence to keep Kentucky in the Union. In 1861-1863 he was a member of the See also:national House of Representatives, where, while advocating the See also:prosecution of the war, he opposed such See also:radical measures as the See also:division of See also:Virginia, the enlistment of slaves and the See also:Conscription Acts. He died at Frankfort, Kentucky, on the 26th of See also:July 1863. See the See also:Life of J. J. Crittenden, by his daughter Mrs See also:Chapman Coleman (2 vols., See also:Philadelphia, 1871). His son, See also:GEORGE BIBB CRITTENDEN (1812-1880), soldier, was born in Russellville, Kentucky, on the 20th of March 1812, and graduated at See also:West Point in 1832, but resigned his See also:commission in 1833. He re-entered the See also:army as a See also:captain of mounted rifles in the Mexican War, served with distinction, and was breveted See also:major for bravery at Contreras and Churubusco. After the war he remained in the army, and in 1856 attained the rank of See also:lieutenant-See also:colonel. In See also:June 1861 he resigned, and entered the service of the Confederacy.

He was commissioned major-general and given a command in south-See also:

east Kentucky and See also:Tennessee, but after the defeat of his forces by General George H. See also:Thomas at See also:Mill Springs (See also:January 9, 1862), he was censured and gave up his command. He served subsequently as a volunteer aide on the staff of Gen. John S. See also:Williams. From 1867 to 1871 he was state librarian of Kentucky. He died at See also:Danville, Kentucky, on the 27th of See also:November 1880. Another son, THOMAS See also:LEONIDAS CRITTENDEN (1815-1893), soldier, was also born at Russellville, Kentucky. He studied law, and practised with his See also:father, and in 1842 became See also:common-See also:wealth's attorney. He served in the Mexican War as a lieutenant-colonel of Kentucky See also:volunteers, and was an aide on Gen. Zachary See also:Taylor's staff at the See also:battle of Buena Vista. From 1849 to 1853 he was United States See also:consul at See also:Liverpool, See also:England.

Like his father, he was a strong Union See also:

man, and in September 1861 he was commissioned by President See also:Lincoln a brigadier-general of volunteers. He commanded a division at See also:Shiloh, for gallantry in which battle he was promoted major-general in July 1862. He was in command of a See also:corps in the army of the See also:Ohio under Gen. D. C. See also:Buell, and took See also:part in the battles of See also:Stone Riverand Chickamauga. Subsequently he served in the Virginia See also:campaign of 1864. He resigned his commission in See also:December 1864, but in July 1866 entered the See also:regular army with the rank of colonel of See also:infantry, receiving the See also:brevet of brigadier-general in r867, served on the frontier and in several See also:Indian See also:wars, and retired in 1881. He died on the 23rd of See also:October 1893.

End of Article: CRITTENDEN, JOHN JORDAN (1787-1863)

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