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GERMANTOWN , a residential See also:district and former suburb, now the Twenty-second See also:- WARD
- WARD, ADOLPHUS WILLIAM (1837- )
- WARD, ARTEMUS
- WARD, EDWARD MATTHEW (1816-1879)
- WARD, ELIZABETH STUART PHELPS (1844-1911)
- WARD, JAMES (1769--1859)
- WARD, JAMES (1843– )
- WARD, JOHN QUINCY ADAMS (1830-1910)
- WARD, LESTER FRANK (1841– )
- WARD, MARY AUGUSTA [MRS HUMPHRY WARD]
- WARD, WILLIAM (1766-1826)
- WARD, WILLIAM GEORGE (1812-1882)
Ward, of See also:Philadelphia, See also:Pennsylvania, U.S.A., on Wissahickon See also:Creek, in the N. See also:part of the See also:city. It is served by the Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia & See also:Reading See also:railways. There are many old colonial houses and handsome See also:modern residences along See also:Main See also:Street (the old Germantown Road or See also:Avenue). Prominent among the historic houses is Cliveden, or the " Chew See also:House," built about 1761 by See also:Benjamin Chew (1722-1810), who was See also:chief-See also:justice of Pennsylvania in 1774–1777 and was imprisoned as a Loyalist in 1777, and whose See also:home during the See also:battle of Germantown (see below) was occupied by See also:British troops. The well-preserved See also:Morris House (1772) was the headquarters of See also:General See also:Howe at the See also:close of the battle, and in 1793, when Germantown, owing to the yellow See also:fever in Philadelphia, was the temporary See also:capital of the See also:United States, it was occupied by See also:President See also:Washington. Three doors above stood until 1904 the Ashmead House, used for a See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time by See also:Count See also:Nicholas See also:Lewis See also:Zinzendorf and his daughters for their Moravian school, which was removed to See also:Bethlehem. In the same street, opposite See also:Indian See also:Queen See also:Lane, is the old Wister See also:Mansion, built as a See also:country-seat in 1744 and occupied by British See also:officers during the See also:War of See also:Independence. In another old house (now Nos. 5275–5277), See also:John Fanning See also:Watson (1779-1860), the annalist of Philadelphia, did most of his See also:literary See also:work. Just outside the ward limits, in what has since become a part of See also:Fairmont See also:Park, is the house in which See also:David See also:Rittenhouse, the astronomer, was See also:born; it stands on Monoshore Creek or See also:Paper See also:- MILL
- MILL (O. Eng. mylen, later myln, or miln, adapted from the late Lat. molina, cf. Fr. moulin, from Lat. mola, a mill, molere, to grind; from the same root, mol, is derived " meal;" the word appears in other Teutonic languages, cf. Du. molen, Ger. muhle)
- MILL, JAMES (1773-1836)
- MILL, JOHN (c. 1645–1707)
- MILL, JOHN STUART (1806-1873)
Mill Run, in what was See also:long called Roxborough (now the 21st ward of Philadelphia). In this vicinity the first paper mill in See also:America was erected in 1690 by a See also:company of which See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William Rittenhouse, David's See also:great-grandfather, was the leading member. The See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King of See also:Prussia See also:Inn, built about 1740, and the Mermaid Hotel, as old or older, are interesting survivals of the inns and taverns of old See also:German-See also:town. The Germantown See also:Academy was built in 176o, and after the battle of Germantown was used by the British as a See also:hospital. In Germantown are also a See also:Friends' (orthodox) school, a Friends' See also:free library, and the Germantown See also:branch of the Philadelphia public library. The first school in Germantown was established about 1701, and for the first eighteen years was under the See also:master-See also:ship of See also:Francis See also:Daniel Pastorius (1651–1719), the leaderin See also:founding the town, who lived in a house that stood on the site of the See also:present First Methodist Episcopal See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church, High Street and Main Street. He compiled a primer which was the first school See also:book produced in the See also:state; with three others he drafted and signed in 1688 what seems to have been the first public protest made in America against See also:slavery; and he is celebrated in See also:Whittier's Pennsylvania See also:Pilgrim. Later the same school passed to See also:Christopher See also:Dock (d. 1771), who in 1770, published an See also:essay on teaching (written in 1750), which is said to have been the first book on pedagogy published in America. The first See also:Bible printed in America in any See also:European See also:language was published in Germantown in 1743 by Christopher Sauer (d. 1758), a preacher of the German Baptist Brethren, who in 1739 established Germantown's first newspaper, The High German Pennsylvania Historian, or Collection of Important See also:News from the See also:Kingdom of Nature and of the Church. His grandsons are said to have See also:cast about 1772 the first See also:American See also:printing type. The Friends were the first See also:sect to erect a See also:- MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)
meeting-house of their own (about 1693). The See also:Mennonites built a See also:log meeting-house in 1709, and their present See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
stone church was built in 1770. The town See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
hall of Germantown was used as a hospital during the last three years of the See also:Civil-War. In See also:Market Square a soldiers' See also:monument was erected in 1883. The Site and Relic Society of Germantown maintains a museum of See also:relics. Many of the See also:early settlers were See also:linen weavers, and Germantown still manufactures textiles, knit goods and yarns.
Germantown was founded in See also:October 1683 by thirteen families from See also:Crefeld, See also:Germany, under the leadership of Francis Daniel
Pastorius. The township, as originally laid out, contained four distinct villages known as Germantown, Cresheim, Sommerhousen and Crefield. Cresheim was later known 'as See also:Mount See also:Airy, and Sommerhousen and Crefield became known as See also:Chestnut See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
Hill. The See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough of Germantown was incorporated in 1689. For many years it was a straggling See also:village extending about 2 M. along Main Street. Its growth was more rapid from the See also:middle of the 18th See also:century. In 1789 a See also:motion for the permanent location of the See also:national capital at Germantown was carried in the See also:Senate, and the same measure passed the House, amended only with respect to the temporary See also:government of the ceded district; but the Senate killed the See also:bill by voting to postpone further See also:consideration of it until the next session. Germantown was annexed to Philadelphia in 1854.
Battle of Germantown.—This famous encounter in the American War of Independence was fought on the 4th of October 1777. After the battle of See also:Brandywine (q.v.) and the occupation of Philadelphia, the British force commanded by See also:Sir W. Howe encamped at Germantown, where Washington determined to attack them. The Americans advanced by two roads, General See also:Sullivan leading the See also:column on the right and General See also:Greene that on the See also:left. Washington himself accompanied Sullivan, with whom were See also:Stirling (an officer who claimed to be See also:earl of that name) and See also:Anthony See also:Wayne. The right at first met with success, See also:driving the British advanced troops back on the main See also:body near the Chew House. See also:Colonel See also:Musgrave, of the 4oth See also:Foot, threw a portion of his See also:regiment into this house, and General See also:Agnew came up with his command. The Americans under Stirling attempted to dislodge Musgrave, thus losing time and alarming part of Sullivan's advance who had pushed farther forward in the See also:fog. General Greene on the left was even less fortunate. Meeting with unexpected opposition at the first point of attack his troops were thrown into confusion and compelled to See also:retreat. One of his brigades extended itself to the right wing, and by opening See also:fire on the Chew House caused Wayne to retreat, and presently both of the American columns retired rapidly in the direction of their See also:camp. The surprise had failed, with the loss to Washington's See also:army of 673 men as against 500 on the See also:side of the British. The British General Agnew and the American General See also:Nash were both mortally wounded. In See also:December Washington went into See also:winter quarters at Valley Forge, 40 M. See also:west of Philadelphia. The British wintered in and around the city.
See N. H. Keyser, " Old Historic Germantown," in the Proceedings and Addresses of the Pennsylvania-German Society (See also:Lancaster. 1906) ; S. W. Pennypacker, The See also:Settlement of Germantown, Pennsylvania, and the Beginning of German See also:Emigration to See also:North America (Philadelphia, 1899), and S. F. Hotchkin, See also:Ancient and Modern Germantown, Mount Airy and Chestnut Hill (Philadelphia, 1889).
End of Article: GERMANTOWN
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