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See also:SHAW, See also:GEORGE See also:BERNARD (1856– ) , See also:British dramatist and publicist, was See also:born in See also:Dublin on the 26th of See also:July 1856. His See also:father, George Carr Shaw, was a retired See also:civil servant, the younger son of Bernard Shaw, high See also:sheriff of See also:Kilkenny. His See also:mother, Lucinda See also:Elizabeth Gurly, was a See also:good musician, who eventually became a teacher of singing in See also:London. G. B. Shaw went to school in Dublin, and began to See also:earn his living when he was fifteen. He was for five years a clerk in the See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of an Irish See also:land-See also:agent, but came to London with his See also:family in 1876, and in 1879 was, according to his own See also:account in the See also:preface to The Irrational See also:Knot, in the offices of the See also:Edison See also:telephone See also:company. He had begun to write novels, which did not immediately find their See also:market. The Irrational Knot, written in 188o, and Love among the Artists (written in 1881) first appeared as serials in Our Corner, a monthly edited by Mrs Annie See also:Besant; See also:Cashel See also:Byron's Profession (reprinted in 1901 in the See also:series of " Novels of his Nonage ") and An Unsocial Socialist first appeared in a Socialist See also:magazine To-See also:day, which no longer exists. Shaw joined the See also:Fabian Society in 1884, a See also:year after its formation,and was active in socialistic propaganda, both as a See also:street orator and as a pamphleteer. In 1889 he edited the Fabian Essays, to which he contributed " The Economic Basis of See also:Socialism" and " The Transition to Social See also:Democracy." He began See also:journal-ism, through the See also:influence of See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William See also:Archer, on the reviewing See also:staff of the See also:Pall Mall See also:Gazette in 1885; he then became See also:art and musical critic, See also:writing from 1888 to 1890 for the See also:Star, where his articles were signed " Corno di Bassetto," and then in 1890 to 1894 for the See also:World. In 1895 to 1898 he was dramatic critic to the Saturday See also:Review, his articles being collected in 1907 as Dramatic Opinions and Essays. He was an See also:early See also:champion of See also:Richard See also:Wagner and of Henrik See also:Ibsen, and indicated his aesthetic point of view in the See also:pamphlets, The See also:Quintessence of Ibsenism (1891) and The Perfect Wagnerite (1898). His first See also:play, Widowers' Houses, two acts of which had been written in 1885 in collaboration with Mr William Archer, was produced ny the See also:Independent See also:Theatre under the management of Mr J. T. Grein at the See also:Royalty in 1892. This found few admirers outside Socialist circles, and was hooted by the See also:ordinary playgoer. In 1893 he wrote The Philanderer, a topical See also:comedy on Ibsenism and the " new woman," for the same theatre, but the piece proved technically unsuitable for Mr Grein's company. To replace it Mr Shaw wrote Mrs See also:Warren's Profession, a powerful but disagreeable play, which was rejected by the See also:censor and not presented until the 5th of See also:January 1902, when it was privately given by the See also:Stage Society at the New Lyric Theatre. When it was played in New See also:York by Mr See also:Arnold See also:Daly's company in 1905 the actors were prosecuted. These three plays were classed by the author as " unpleasant plays " in the printed version. Arms and the See also:Man was produced at the See also:Avenue Theatre (21st of See also:April 1894) by See also:Miss See also:Florence See also:Farr, who was experimenting on the lines of the Independent Theatre, and by Mr Richard See also:Mansfield at the See also:Herald Square Theatre, New York (the 17th of See also:Sept. 1894). The See also:scene was laid in See also:Bulgaria, the piece being a See also:satire on romanticism, a destructive See also:criticism on military " See also:glory." Candida was written in 1894 for Mr Mansfield, who did not produce it until See also:December 1903; but it was played in See also:Aberdeen in July 1897 by the Independent Theatre Company. This See also:defence of the poetic point of view against See also:brute force and See also:common sense was admirably constructed and it proved one of the most popular of his plays. The pieces which followed are: The Man of Destiny (written in 1895, played at See also:Croydon in 1897 by Mr See also:- MURRAY
- MURRAY (or MORAY), EARLS OF
- MURRAY (or MORAY), JAMES STUART, EARL OF (c. 1531-1570)
- MURRAY (or MORAY), SIR ROBERT (c. 1600-1673)
- MURRAY, ALEXANDER STUART (1841-1904)
- MURRAY, DAVID (1849– )
- MURRAY, EUSTACE CLARE GRENVILLE (1824–1881)
- MURRAY, JAMES (c. 1719-1794)
- MURRAY, JOHN
- MURRAY, JOHN (1778–1820)
- MURRAY, LINDLEY (1745–1826)
- MURRAY, LORD GEORGE (1694–1760)
- MURRAY, SIR JAMES AUGUSTUS HENRY (1837– )
- MURRAY, SIR JOHN (1841– )
Murray See also:Carson), a See also:Napoleonic See also:drama, which was revived at New York by Arnold Daly in 1904; You Never Can Tell (written in 1896, produced at the Strand Theatre in 1900), a farcical comedy; The See also:Devil's See also:Disciple (produced at New York by Richard Mansfield in 1897, and in London in 1899), the scene of which is laid in the See also:War of See also:American See also:Independence, See also:Caesar and See also:Cleopatra (1898) and See also:Captain Brassbound's See also:Conversion (1898)—printed as Three Plays for Puritans (Iwo); The Admirable Bashville (Stage Society, Imperial Theatre, 1903), a dramatization of Cashel Byron's Profession.
He had found no See also:regular See also:English See also:audience when he published Plays Pleasant and Unpleasant (2 vols.) in 1898, and his pieces first became well known to the ordinary playgoer by the performances given at the Royal See also:Court Theatre under the management of Messrs Vedrenne and H. See also:Granville See also:Barker. Man and Superman (published in 1903) was produced there on the 23rd of May 1905, in a necessarily abridged See also:form, with Granville Barker in the See also:part of See also:John See also:Tanner, the author of the " Revolutionists's Handbook and See also:Pocket See also:Companion," printed as an appendix to the play. Mr Shaw asserted that the piece originated in a See also:suggestion from Mr A. B. Walkley that he should write a See also:Don Juan play, which he proceeded to do in a characteristic topsy-turvy See also:fashion. John Tanner (Juan See also:Tenor) is a voluble exponent of See also:Schopenhauer and See also:Nietzsche, who finally falls a victim to the See also:life force in See also:Ann. See also:Major See also:Barbara (Court Theatre, Nov. 1905), a " discussion in three acts," placed the Salvation See also:Army on the stage. The Vedrenne-Barker management also revived Candida (April 1904), You Never Can Tell (May 1905), Captain Brassbound's Conversion (See also:March 1906) and John See also:Bull's other See also:Island (See also:November 1904), a statement of the Irish land
question, which had been produced at the See also:Camden Theatre in 1903, and later by the Stage Society. At the same theatre was produced (20th of November 1906) The See also:Doctor's See also:Dilemma, a satire on the medical profession, and How He lied to Her See also:Husband (Feb. 19o5), which had been previously played in New York. Later plays were: Getting Married (1908), The Showing-up of Blanco Posnet (1909) and See also:Press-cuttings (19og). Among Mr Shaw's later writings on See also:economics are: Socialism for Millionaires (19o1), The Common Sense of Municipal Trading (1904), and Fabianism and the Fiscal Question (1904). Although an energetic member of the See also:South St Pancras See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough See also:council, he failed to secure See also:election to the London See also:County Council when he stood as a See also:candidate in 1904. Mr Shaw married in 1898 Miss See also:Charlotte Frances See also:Payne-See also:Townshend.
There are essays on his See also:work by H. L. Mencken (See also:Boston and London, 1905), by E. E. See also:Hale (Dramatists of To-Day, London, 1906), &c.; " The Plays of Mr Bernard Shaw," in the See also:Edinburgh Review (April 1905); " Mr Bernard Shaw's Counterfeit Presentment of See also:Women," in the Fortnightly Review (March 1906) ; " Bernard Shaw as Critic," in the Fortnightly Review (See also:June 190 ); and an appreciation by Holbrook See also:Jackson, Bernard Shaw (1907).
End of Article: SHAW, GEORGE BERNARD (1856– )
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