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See also:LINCOLN See also:JUDGMENT, See also:FILE . In this celebrated See also:English ecclesiastical suit, the See also:bishop of Lincoln (See also:Edward See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King; q.v.) was cited before his See also:metropolitan, the See also:archbishop of See also:Canterbury (Dr See also:Benson), to See also:answer charges of various See also:ritual offences committed at the See also:administration of See also:Holy Communion in the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of St See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter at Gowts, in the See also:diocese of Lincoln, on the 4th of See also:December 1887, and in Lincoln See also:cathedral on the loth of December 1887. The promoters were Ernest de See also:Lacy Read, See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William See also:- BROWN
- BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
- BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
- BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
- BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
- BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
- BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
- BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
- BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
- BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
- BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
- BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
- BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
- BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
- BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
- BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
- BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
- BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
- BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
- BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
- BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
- BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
- BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)
Brown, See also:Felix See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas See also:- WILSON, ALEXANDER (1766-1813)
- WILSON, HENRY (1812–1875)
- WILSON, HORACE HAYMAN (1786–1860)
- WILSON, JAMES (1742—1798)
- WILSON, JAMES (1835— )
- WILSON, JAMES HARRISON (1837– )
- WILSON, JOHN (1627-1696)
- WILSON, JOHN (178 1854)
- WILSON, ROBERT (d. 1600)
- WILSON, SIR DANIEL (1816–1892)
- WILSON, SIR ROBERT THOMAS (1777—1849)
- WILSON, SIR WILLIAM JAMES ERASMUS
- WILSON, THOMAS (1663-1755)
- WILSON, THOMAS (c. 1525-1581)
- WILSON, WOODROW (1856— )
Wilson and See also:John See also:Marshall, all inhabitants of the diocese of Lincoln, and the last two parishioners of St Peter at Gowts. The See also:case has a permanent importance in two respects. First, certain disputed questions of ritual were legally decided. Secondly, the See also:jurisdiction of the archbishop of Canter-See also:bury alone to try one of his See also:suffragan bishops for alleged ecclesiastical offences was considered and judicially declared to be well founded both by the judicial See also:committee of privy See also:council and by the archbishop of Canterbury with the concurrence of his assessors. The proceedings were begun on the 2nd of See also:June 1888 by a See also:petition presented by the promoters to the archbishop, praying that a See also:citation to the bishop of Lincoln might issue calling on him to answer certain ritual charges. On the 26th of June 1888 the archbishop, by See also:letter, declined to issue citation; on the ground that until instructed by a competent See also:court as to his jurisdiction, he was not clear that he had it. The promoters appealed to the judicial committee of the privy council, to which an See also:appeal lies under 25 See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry VIII. c. 19 for lack of See also:justice" in the archbishop's court. The See also:matter was heard on the 20th of See also:July 1888, and on the 8th of See also:August 1888 the committee decided (i.) that an appeal See also:lay from the refusal of the See also:arch-bishop to the judicial committee, and (ii.) that the archbishop had jurisdiction to issue a citation to the bishop of Lincoln and to hear the promoters' complaint, but they abstained from expressing an See also:opinion as to whether the archbishop had a discretion to refuse citation—whether, in fact, he had any See also:power of " See also:veto " over the See also:prosecution. The case being thus remitted to the archbishop, he decided to entertain it, and on the 4th of See also:January 1889 issued a citation to the bishop of Lincoln.
On the 12th of See also:February 1889 the archbishop of Canterbury sat in See also:Lambeth See also:Palace Library, accompanied by the bishops of See also:London (Dr See also:Temple), See also:Winchester (Dr Harold See also:- BROWNE
- BROWNE, EDWARD HAROLD (18,1–1891)
- BROWNE, ISAAC HAWKINS (1705-1760)
- BROWNE, JAMES (1793–1841)
- BROWNE, MAXIMILIAN ULYSSES, COUNT VON, BARON DE CAMUS AND MOUNTANY (1705-1757)
- BROWNE, PETER (?1665-1735)
- BROWNE, ROBERT (1550-1633)
- BROWNE, SIR JAMES (1839–1896)
- BROWNE, SIR THOMAS (1605-1682)
- BROWNE, WILLIAM (1591–1643)
- BROWNE, WILLIAM GEORGE (1768-1813)
Browne), See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford (Dr See also:Stubbs) and See also:Salisbury (Dr See also:Wordsworth), and the See also:vicar-See also:general (See also:Sir J. See also:Parker See also:Deane) as assessors. The bishop of Lincoln appeared in See also:person and read a " Protest " to the archbishop's jurisdiction to try him except in a court composed of the arch-bishop and all the bishops of the See also:province as See also:judges. The court adjourned in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order that the question of jurisdiction might be argued. On the rrth of May the archbishop gave judgment to
' Lincoln was about equally distant from See also:Pawnee See also:City and the See also:Kansas border, the leading See also:Missouri See also:river towns, and the important towns of See also:Fremont and See also:Columbus on the N. See also:side of the See also:Platte.
the effect that whether sitting alone or with assessors he had jurisdiction to entertain the See also:charge. On the 23rd and 24th of July 1889 a further preliminary objection raised by the bishop of Lincoln's counsel was argued. The offences alleged against the bishop of Lincoln were largely breaches of various rubrics in the communion service of the See also:Prayer See also:Book which give directions to the " See also:minister." These rubrics are by the Acts of Uniformity (1 See also:Elizabeth c. 2, and 13 & 14 See also:Car. II. c. 4) made legally binding. But it was argued that a bishop is not a " minister " so as to be See also:bound by the rubrics. The archbishop, however, held otherwise, and the assessors (except the bishop of Salisbury, who dissented) concurred in this decision. At this and subsequent hearings the bishop of See also:Hereford (Dr Atlay) took the See also:place of the bishop of Winchester as an See also:assessor, and the bishop of See also:Rochester (Dr Thorold), originally appointed an assessor, but absent from See also:England at the outset, was See also:present.
The case was heard on its merits in February 189o, before the archbishop and all the assessors, and the archbishop delivered his judgment on the 21st of See also:November 189o. The alleged offences were eight in number. No facts were in dispute, but only the legality of the various matters complained of. I. The bishop was charged with having mixed See also:water with See also:wine in the See also:chalice during the communion service, and II. with having administered the chalice so mixed to the communicants. It was decided that the mixing of the water with the wine during service was illegal, because an additional ceremony not enjoined in the Prayer Book, but that the administration of the mixed chalice, the mixing having been effected before service, was in accordance with See also:primitive practice and not forbidden in the Church of England. III. The bishop was charged with the ceremonial washing of the vessels used for the holy communion, and with drinking the water used for these ablutions. It was decided that the bishop had committed no offence, and that what he had done was a reasonable compliance with the requirement of the See also:rubric that any of the consecrated elements See also:left over at the end of the celebration should be then and there consumed. IV.
The bishop was charged with taking the eastward position (i.e. See also:standing at the See also:west side of the holy table with his See also:face to the See also:east and his back to the See also:congregation) during the ante-communion service (i.e. the See also:part of the communion service See also:prior to the See also:consecration prayer). The rubric requires the celebrant to stand at the See also:north side of the table. A vast amount of See also:research convinced the archbishop that this is an intentionally ambiguous phrase which may with equal accuracy be applied to the north end of the table as now arranged in churches, and to the See also:long side of the table, which, in Edward VI.'a reign, was often placed lengthwise down the church, so that the long sides would face north and See also:south. It was therefore decided (one of the assessors dissenting) that both positions are legal, and that the bishop had not offended in adopting the eastward position. V. The bishop was charged with so standing during the consecration prayer that the " See also:Manual Acts " of consecration were invisible to the See also:people gathered See also:round. It should be stated that the courts (see Ridsdale v. See also:Clifton, L.R. 1 P.D. 316; 2 P.D. 276) had already decided that the eastward position during the consecration prayer was legal, but that it must not be so used by the celebrant as to conceal the " Manual Acts." The archbishop held that the bishop of Lincoln had transgressed the See also:law in this particular. VI. The bishop was charged with having, during the celebration of holy communion, allowed two candles to be alight on a shelf or See also:retable behind the See also:altar when they were not necessary for giving See also:light. The archbishop decided that the See also:mere presence of two altar candles burning during the service, but lit before it began, was lawful under the First Prayer Book of Edward VI., and has never been made unlawful, and, therefore, that the bishop was justified in what he had done. VII. The bishop was charged with having permitted the hymn known as A gnus Dei to be sung immediately after the consecration of the elements at a celebration of the holy communion. The archbishop decided that the use of See also:hymns in divine service was too firmly established to be legally questioned, and that there was nothing to differentiatethe use of this particular hymn at this point of the service from the use of other hymns on other occasions in public See also:worship. VIII. The bishop was charged with making the sign of the See also:Cross in the See also:air with his See also:hand in the See also:benediction and at other times during divine service. The archbishop held that these crossings were ceremonies not enjoined and, therefore, illegal. The judgment confined itself to the legal declarations here summarized, and pronounced no See also:monition or other See also:sentence on the bishop of Lincoln in respect of the matters in which he appeared to have committed breaches of the ecclesiastical law.
The promoters appealed to the judicial committee. The bishop did not appear on the appeal, which was therefore argued on the side of the promoters only. The appeal was heard in June and July 1891, before Lords See also:Halsbury, See also:Hobhouse, See also:Esher, See also:Herschell, See also:Hannen and Shand and Sir See also:Richard See also:Couch, with the bishop of See also:Chichester (Dr Durnford), the bishop of St Davids (Dr See also:Basil See also:- JONES
- JONES, ALFRED GILPIN (1824-1906)
- JONES, EBENEZER (182o-186o)
- JONES, ERNEST CHARLES (1819-1869)
- JONES, HENRY (1831-1899)
- JONES, HENRY ARTHUR (1851- )
- JONES, INIGO (1573-1651)
- JONES, JOHN (c. 1800-1882)
- JONES, MICHAEL (d. 1649)
- JONES, OWEN (1741-1814)
- JONES, OWEN (1809-1874)
- JONES, RICHARD (179o-1855)
- JONES, SIR ALFRED LEWIS (1845-1909)
- JONES, SIR WILLIAM (1746-1794)
- JONES, THOMAS RUPERT (1819– )
- JONES, WILLIAM (1726-1800)
Jones) and the bishop of See also:Lichfield (Dr Maclagan) as episcopal assessors. The points appealed were those above numbered II., III., IV., VI., VII. judgment was given on the 2nd of August 1892, and the appeal failed on all points. As to II.; III., IV., and VII. the Committee agreed with the arch-bishop. As to VI. (altar See also:lights) they held that, as it was not shown that the bishop was responsible for the presence of lighted candles, the charge could not be sustained against him, and so dismissed it without considering the general question of the lawfulness of altar lights. They also held that the arch-bishop was within his right in pronouncing no sentence against the bishop, who, it should be added, conformed his practice to the judgment from the date of its delivery. (L. T.
End of Article: LINCOLN JUDGMENT, FILE
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