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See also:FALKLAND, See also:LUCIUS See also:CARY , 2nd See also:VISCOUNT (c. 1610-1643), son of See also:Sir See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry Cary, afterwards 1st Viscount Falkland (d. 1633), a member of an See also:ancient See also:Devonshire See also:family, who was See also:lord See also:deputy of See also:Ireland from 1622 to 1629, and of See also:Elizabeth (1585-'639), only daughter of Sir See also:- LAWRENCE
- LAWRENCE (LAURENTIUS, LORENZO), ST
- LAWRENCE, AMOS (1786—1852)
- LAWRENCE, AMOS ADAMS (1814–1886)
- LAWRENCE, GEORGE ALFRED (1827–1876)
- LAWRENCE, JOHN LAIRD MAIR LAWRENCE, 1ST BARON (1811-1879)
- LAWRENCE, SIR HENRY MONTGOMERY (1806–1857)
- LAWRENCE, SIR THOMAS (1769–1830)
- LAWRENCE, STRINGER (1697–1775)
Lawrence Tanfield, See also:chief See also:baron of the See also:exchequer, was See also:born either in 26o9 or 161o, and was educated at Trinity See also:College, See also:Dublin. In 1625 he inherited from his grandfather the manors of See also:Great Tew and See also:Burford in See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford-See also:shire, and, about the See also:age of 21, married Lettice, daughter of Sir See also:Richard See also:Morrison, of Tooley See also:Park in See also:Leicestershire. Involved in a See also:quarrel with his See also:father, whom he failed to propitiate by
offering to See also:hand over to him his See also:estate, he See also:left See also:England to take service in the Dutch See also:army, but soon returned. In 1633. by the See also:death of his father, he became Viscount Falkland. His See also:mother had embraced the See also:Roman See also:Catholic faith, to which it was now sought to attract Falkland himself, but his studies and reflections led him, under the See also:influence of See also:Chillingworth, to the See also:- INTERPRETATION (from Lat. interpretari, to expound, explain, inter pres, an agent, go-between, interpreter; inter, between, and the root pret-, possibly connected with that seen either in Greek 4 p4'ew, to speak, or irpa-rrecv, to do)
interpretation of religious problems rather by See also:reason than by tradition or authority. At Great Tew he enjoyed a See also:short but happy See also:period of study, and he assembled See also:round him many gifted and learned men, whom the near neighbourhood of the university and his own brilliant qualities attracted to his See also:house. He was the friend of See also:Hales and Chillingworth, was celebrated by See also:Jonson, Suckling, See also:Cowley and See also:Waller in See also:verse, and in See also:prose by See also:Clarendon, who is eloquent in describing the virtues and See also:genius of the " incomparable " Falkland, and draws a delightful picture of his society and hospitality.
Falkland's intellectual pleasures, however, were soon interrupted by See also:war and politics. He See also:felt it his See also:duty to take See also:part on the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king's See also:side as a volunteer under See also:Essex in the See also:campaign of 1639 against the Scots. In 164o he was returned for See also:Newport in the Isle of See also:Wight to the Short and See also:Long Parliaments, and took an active part on the side of the opposition. He spoke against the exaction of shipmoney on the 7th of See also:December 1640, denouncing the servile conduct of Lord Keeper See also:Finch and the See also:judges.' He supported the See also:prosecution of See also:Strafford, at the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time endeavouring on more than one occasion to moderate the See also:measures of the See also:Commons in the interests of See also:justice, and voted for the third See also:reading of the See also:- ATTAINDER (from the O. Fr. ataindre, ateindre, to attain, i.e. to strike, accuse, condemn; Lat. attingere, tangere, to touch; the meaning has been greatly affected by the confusion with Fr. taindre, teindre, to taint, stain, Lat. tingere, to dye)
attainder on the 21st of See also:April 1641. On the great question of the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church he urged, in the debate of the 8th of See also:February 1641, that the interference of the See also:clergy in See also:secular matters, the encroachments in See also:jurisdiction of the spiritual courts, and the See also:imposition by authority of unnecessary ceremonies, should be prohibited. On the other hand, though he denied that See also:episcopacy existed jure divino, he was opposed to its abolition; fearing the See also:establishment of the Presbyterian See also:system, which in See also:Scotland had proved equally tyrannical. Triennial parliaments would be sufficient to See also:control the bishops, if they meditated any further attacks upon the See also:national liberties, and he urged that " where it is not necessary to See also:change, it is necessary not to change." Even See also:Hampden still believed that a See also:compromise with the episcopal principle was possible, and assured Falkland that if the See also:bill taken up to the Lords on the 1st of May 1641, excluding the bishops from the Lords and the clergy from secular offices, were passed, " there would be nothing more attempted to the See also:prejudice of the church." Accordingly the bill was supported by Falkland. The times, however, were not favourable to compromise. The bill was lost in the Lords, and on the 27th of May the See also:Root and See also:Branch Bill, for the See also:total abolition of episcopacy, was introduced in the House of Commons. This measure Falkland opposed, as well as the second bill for excluding the bishops, introduced on the 21St of See also:October. In the discussion on the See also:Grand Remonstrance he took the part of the bishops and the Arminians. He was now opposed to the whole policy of the opposition, and, being reproached by Hampden with his change of attitude, replied " that he had formerly been persuaded by that worthy See also:gentleman to believe many things which he had since found to be untrue, and therefore he had changed his See also:opinion in many particulars as well as to things as to persons."2
On the 1st of See also:January 1642, immediately before the attempted See also:arrest of the five members, of which, however, he was not cognizant, he was offered by the king the secretaryship of See also:state, and was persuaded by See also:Hyde to accept it, thus becoming involved directly in the king's policy, though evidently possessing little influence in his counsels. He was one of the peers who signed the protestation against making war, at See also:York on the 15th of See also:June 1642. On the 5th of See also:September he carried See also:Charles's overtures for See also:peace to the See also:parliament, when he informed the leaders of the opposition that the king consented to a thorough See also:reformation of See also:religion. The See also:secret See also:correspondence connected with the Waller See also:plot passed through his hands. He was See also:present with the
His speeches are in the See also:Thomason Tracts, E 196 (9), (26), (36).
2 Clarendon's Hist. iv. 94, See also:note.king at Edgehill and at the See also:siege of See also:Gloucester. By this time the hopelessness of the situation had completely overwhelmed him. The aims and principles of neither party in the conflict could satisfy a See also:man of Falkland's high ideals and intellectual See also:vision. His royalism could not suffer the substitution, as the controlling See also:power in the state, of a parliament for the See also:monarchy, nor his conservatism the revolutionary changes in church and state now insisted upon by the opposite See also:faction. The fatal See also:character and policy of the king, the most incapable of men and yet the man upon whom all depended, must have been by now thoroughly understood by Falkland. Compromise had long been out of the question. The victory of either side could only bring misery; and the prolongation of the war was a prospect equally unhappy. Nor could Falkland find any support or See also:consolation in his own inward convictions or principles. His ideals and hopes were now destroyed, and he had no definite See also:political convictions such as inspired and strengthened Strafford and See also:Pym. In fact his sensitive nature shrank from contact with the See also:practical politics of the See also:day and prevented his rise to the See also:place of a See also:leader or a statesman.
Clarendon has recorded his final relapse into despair. " Sitting amongst his See also:friends, often, after a deep silence and frequent sighs (he) would with a shrill and sad See also:accent ingeminate the word Peace, Peace, and would passionately profess that the very agony of the war, and the view of the calamities and desolation the See also:kingdom did and must endure, took his See also:sleep from him and would shortly break his See also:heart." At Gloucester he had in vain exposed himself to risks. On the See also:morning of the See also:battle of See also:Newbury, on the 20th of September 1643, he declared to his friends, who would have dissuaded him from taking part in the fight, that " he was weary of the times and foresaw much misery to his own See also:Country and did believe he should be out of it ere See also:night."3 He served during the engagement as a volunteer under Sir See also:John See also:Byron, and, See also:riding alone at a See also:gap in a hedge commanded by the enemy's See also:fire, was immediately killed.
His death took place at the See also:early age of 33, which should be See also:borne in mind in every estimate of his career and character. He was succeeded in the See also:title by his eldest son Lucius, 3rd Viscount Falkland, his male descent becoming See also:extinct in the See also:person of See also:Anthony, 5th viscount, in 1694, when the viscounty passed to Lucius Henry (1687-1730), a descendant of the first viscount, and the present peer is his See also:direct descendant.
Falkland wrote a Discourse of See also:Infallibility, published in 1646 (Thomason Tracts, E 361 [1]), reprinted in 1650, in 1651 (E 634 [1]) ed. by Triplet with replies, and in 166o with the addition of two discourses on episcopacy by Falkland. This is a See also:work of some importance in theological controversy, the See also:general See also:argument being that " to those who follow their reason in the interpretation of the Scriptures See also:God will either give his See also:- GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
- GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )
grace for assistance to find the truth or his See also:pardon if'they See also:miss it. And then this supposed See also:necessity of an infallible See also:guide (with the supposed damnation for the want of it) fall together to the ground." Also A See also:Letter ... 30 See also:Sept. 1642 concerning the See also:late conflict before See also:Worcester (1642) and Poems, in which he shows himself a follower of See also:Ben Jonson, edited by A. B. See also:Grosart in Miscellanies of the See also:Fuller Worthies Library, vol. iii. (1871).
The chief See also:interest in Falkland does not See also:lie in his writings or in the incidents of his career, but in his character and the distinction of his intellectual position, in his See also:isolation from his contemporaries seeking reformation in the inward and spiritual See also:life of the church and state and not in its outward and material See also:form, and as the leader and chief of See also:rationalism in an age dominated by violent intolerance and narrow dogmatism. His See also:personal See also:appearance, according to Clarendon, was insignificant, " in no degree attractive or promising. His stature was See also:low and smaller than most men; his See also:motion not graceful ... but that little person and small stature was quickly found to contain a great heart.
all mankind could not but admire and love him." 4
3 See also:Whitelocke, p. 73. 4 Life, i. 37.
and references there given; Clarendon's Hist. of the See also:Rebellion, passim and esp. vii. 217-234; Clarendon's Life; Rational See also:Theology
in the 17th See also:Century, by John See also:Tulloch (1874), i. 76; Life of See also:Lady Falkland from a MS. in the imperial library at See also:Lille (1861); Life of the same by Lady Georgiana See also:Fullerton (1883) ; Jonson's See also:Ode Pindaric to the memory and friendship of . . Sir Lucius Cary and Sir Henry Morrison; W. J. See also:Courthope, See also:History of See also:English ,See also:Poetry (i9o3), See also:ill. 291; Life of Falkland, by W. H. Trale in the English-man's Library, vol. 22 (1842) ; D. See also:Lloyd, Memoires (1668), 331; and the Life of Falkland, by Lady M. T. See also:Lewis in Lives of the Friends . . . of Lord See also:Chancellor Clarendon, vol. i. p. 3. John See also:Duncan's See also:account of Lettice, Lady Falkland, was edited in 1908 by M. F. See also:Howard. (P. C.
End of Article: FALKLAND, LUCIUS CARY
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