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LELAND (LEYLAND Or LAYLONDE), JOHN (c...

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Originally appearing in Volume V16, Page 406 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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LELAND (LEYLAND Or LAYLONDE), See also:JOHN (c. 1506-1552) , See also:English See also:antiquary, was See also:born in See also:London on the 13th of See also:September, probably in 1506. He owed his See also:education at St See also:Paul's school under See also:William See also:Lilly, and at See also:Christ's See also:College, See also:Cambridge, to the kindness of a See also:patron, See also:Thomas Myles. He graduated at Cambridge in 1521, and subsequently studied at All Souls College, See also:Oxford, and in See also:Paris under See also:Francois See also:Dubois (Sylvius). On his return to See also:England he took See also:holy orders. He had been See also:tutor to See also:Lord Thomas See also:Howard, son of the 3rd See also:duke of See also:Norfolk, and to See also:Francis See also:Hastings, afterwards See also:earl of See also:Huntingdon. Meanwhile his learning had recommended him to See also:Henry VIII., who presented him to the rectory of Peuplingues in the See also:marches of See also:Calais in 1530. He was already librarian and See also:chaplain to the See also:king, and in 1533 he received a novel See also:commission under the See also:great See also:seal as king's antiquary, with See also:power to See also:search for records, See also:manuscripts and See also:relics of antiquity in all the cathedrals, colleges and religious houses of England. Probably from 1534, and definitely from 1536 onwards to 1542, he was engaged on an antiquarian tour through England and See also:Wales. He sought to preserve the See also:MSS. scattered at the See also:dissolution of the monasteries, but his See also:powers did not extend to the actual collection of MSS. Some valuable additions, however, he did procure for the king's library, chiefly from the See also:abbey of St See also:Augustine at See also:Canterbury. He had received a See also:special See also:dispensation permitting him to absent himself from his rectory of Peuplingues in 1536, and on his return from his itinerary he received the rectory of Haseley in See also:Oxfordshire; his support of the See also:church policy of Henry and See also:Cranmer being further rewarded by a canonry and prebend of King's College (now Christ Church), Oxford, and a prebend of See also:Salisbury.

In a Strena Henrico 1 (pr. 1546), addressed to Henry VIII. in 1545, he proposed to execute from the materials which he had collected in his journeys a See also:

topography of England, an See also:account of the adjacent islands, an account of the See also:British See also:nobility, and a great See also:history of the antiquities of the British Isles. He toiled over his papers at his See also:house in the See also:parish of St See also:Michael le Querne, Cheapside, London, but he was not destined to See also:complete these great undertakings, for he yi/as certified insane in See also:March 1550, and died on the 18th of See also:April 1552. Leland was an exact observer, and a diligent student of See also:local See also:chronicles. The bulk of his See also:work remained in MS. at the See also:time of his See also:death, and various copies were made, one by John See also:Stowe in 1576. After passing through various hands the greater See also:part of 1 Re-edited in 1549 by John See also:Bale as The laboryeuse See also:Journey and Serche cf J. Leylande for Englandes Antiquitees geven of him for a Neu Yeares Gifte, &c., See also:modern edition by W. A. Copinger (See also:Manchester, 1895). Leland's MSS. were deposited by William See also:Burton, the historian of inner quadrangle, about a See also:court which is 586 by 246 ft. arid is faced by a continuous open See also:arcade and adorned with large circular beds of tropical See also:plants and See also:flowers, consists of twelve one-See also:storey buildings and a beautiful memorial church. Of the fourteen buildings of the See also:outer quadrangle some are two storeys high. A magnificent memorial See also:arch (too ft. high), adorned with a See also:frieze designed by John See also:Evans, representing the " Progress of See also:Civilization in See also:America," and forming the See also:main gateway, was destroyed by the See also:earthquake of 1906.

Outside the quadrangles are other buildings--a museum of See also:

art and See also:archaeology, based on collections made by Leland See also:Stanford, Jr., chemical laboratories, See also:engineering work-shops, dormitories, a See also:mausoleum of the founders, &c. There is a See also:fine See also:arboretum (300 acres) and a See also:cactus See also:garden. The charming views, the See also:grace and harmonious See also:colours of the buildings, and the tropic vegetation make a campus of wonderful beauty. The students in 1907–1908 numbered 1738, of whom 126 were graduates, 99 special students, and 500 See also:women.' The university library (with the library of the See also:law See also:department) contained in 19o8 about 107,000 volumes. A marine biological laboratory, founded by See also:Timothy See also:Hopkins, is maintained at Pacific See also:Grove on the See also:Bay of See also:Monterey. The university has an endowment from its founders estimated at $30,000,000, including three great estates with 85,000 acres of See also:farm and vineyard lands, and several smaller tracts; but the endowment was very largely in See also:interest-bearing securities, income from which was temporarily cut off in the See also:early years of the university's See also:life by litigation. The founders wished the university " to qualify students for See also:personal success and See also:direct usefulness in life; to promote the public welfare by exercising an See also:influence in behalf of humanity and civilization, teaching the blessings of See also:liberty regulated by law, and inculcating love and reverence for the great principles of See also:government as derived from the inalienable rights of See also:man to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness." There are no inflexible entrance requirements as to particular studies except English See also:composition to ensure a degree of See also:mental maturity, the minimum amount of preparation is fixed as that which should be given by four years in a secondary school, leaving to the applicants a wide choice of subjects (35 in 1906) ranging from See also:ancient history to woodworking and See also:machine See also:shop. In the curriculum, liberty perhaps even greater than at Harvard is allowed as to " electives." Work on some one See also:major subject occupies about one-third of the undergraduate course; the remaining two-thirds (or more) is purely elective. The influence of sectarianism and politics is barred from the university by its See also:charter, and by its private origin and private support. At the same time in its policy it is practically a See also:state university of the most liberal type. Instruction is entirely See also:free. The See also:president of the university has the initiative in all appointments and in all matters of See also:general policy.

Within the university See also:

faculty power lies in an See also:academic See also:council, and, more particularly, in an advisory See also:board of nine professors, elected by the academic council, to which all propositions of the president are submitted. The growth of the university has been steady, and its conduct careful. See also:David Starr See also:Jordan' was its first president. Ste 0. H. Elliot and 0. V. See also:Eaton, Stanford University and thereabouts (See also:San Francisco, 1896), and the See also:official publications of the university. See also:Leicestershire, in the Bodleian at Oxford. They had in the mean-time been freely used by other antiquaries, notably by John Bale, William See also:Camden and See also:Sir William See also:Dugdale. The account of his journey in England and Wales in eight MS. See also:quarto volumes received its name The Itinerary of John Leland from Thomas Burton and was edited by Thomas See also:Hearne (9 vols., Oxford, 17ro–1712; other See also:editions in 1745 and 1770). The scattered portions dealing with Wales were re-edited by See also:Miss L.

Toulmin See also:

Smith in 1907. His other most important work, the Collectanea, in four See also:folio MS. volumes, was also published by Hearne (6 vols., Oxford, 1715). His See also:Commentarii de scriptoribus Britannicia, which had been used and distorted by his friend John Bale, was edited by See also:Anthony See also:Hall (2 vols., Oxford, 1709). Some of Leland's MSS., which formerly belonged to Sir See also:Robert See also:Cotton, passed into the See also:possession of the British Museum. Ile was a Latin poet of some merit, his most famous piece being the Cygnea Cantio (1545) in See also:honour of Henry VIII. Many of his See also:minor See also:works are included in Hearne's editions of the Itinerary and the Collectanea. For accounts of Leland see John Bale, Catalogus (1557); Anthony a See also:Wood, Athenae Oxonienses; \V. Huddesford, Lives of those eminent Antiquaries John Leland, Thomas Hearne and Anthony a Wood (Oxford, 1772). A life of Leland, attributed to See also:Edward Burton (c. 1750), from the library of Sir Thomas Phillipps, printed in 1896 contains a bibliography. See also the See also:biography by See also:Sidney See also:Lee, in the See also:Diet. Nat.

Biog.

End of Article: LELAND (LEYLAND Or LAYLONDE), JOHN (c. 1506-1552)

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