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See also:MACCLESFIELD, See also:CHARLES See also:GERARD, 1ST See also:EARL OF (c. 1618-1694) , eldest son of See also:Sir Charles Gerard, was a member of an old See also:Lancashire See also:family, his See also:great-grandfather having been Sir See also:- GILBERT
- GILBERT (KINGSMILL) ISLANDS
- GILBERT (or GYLBERDE), WILLIAM (1544-1603)
- GILBERT, ALFRED (1854– )
- GILBERT, ANN (1821-1904)
- GILBERT, GROVE KARL (1843– )
- GILBERT, J
- GILBERT, JOHN (1810-1889)
- GILBERT, MARIE DOLORES ELIZA ROSANNA [" LOLA MONTEZ "] (1818-1861)
- GILBERT, NICOLAS JOSEPH LAURENT (1751–1780)
- GILBERT, SIR HUMPHREY (c. 1539-1583)
- GILBERT, SIR JOSEPH HENRY (1817-1901)
- GILBERT, SIR WILLIAM SCHWENK (1836– )
Gilbert Gerard (d. 1593) of See also:Ince, in that See also:county, one of the most distinguished See also:judges in the reign of See also:Elizabeth. His See also:mother was See also:Penelope See also:Fitton of Gawsworth, See also:Cheshire. Charles Gerard was educated abroad, and in the See also:Low Countries learnt soldiering, in which he showed himself proficient when on the outbreak of the See also:Civil See also:War in See also:England he raised a See also:troop of See also:horse for the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king's service. Gerard commanded a See also:brigade with distinction at Edgehill, and gained further honours at the first See also:battle of See also:Newbury and at See also:Newark in 1644, for which service he was appointed to the See also:chief command in See also:South See also:Wales. Here his operations in 1644 and 1645 were completely successful in reducing the Parliamentarians to subjection; but the severity with which he ravaged the See also:country made him personally so unpopular that when, after the defeat at See also:Naseby in See also:June 1645, the king endeavoured to raise fresh forces in Wales, he was compelled to remove Gerard from the See also:local command. Gerard was, however, retained in command of the king's guard during Charles's See also:march from Wales to See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford, and thence to See also:Hereford and See also:Chester in See also:August 1645; and having been severely wounded at See also:Rowton See also:Heath on the 23rd of See also:September, he reached Newark with Charles on the 4th of See also:October. On the 8th of See also:November 1645 he was created See also:Baron Gerard of See also:Brandon in the county of See also:Suffolk; but about the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time he appears to have forfeited Charles's favour by having attached himself to the party of See also:Prince See also:Rupert, with whom after the surrender of Oxford Gerard probably went abroad. He remained on the See also:Continent throughout the whole See also:period of the See also:Common-See also:wealth, sometimes in See also:personal attendance on Charles- II., at others serving in the See also:wars under See also:Turenne, and constantly en-gaged in plots and intrigues. For one of these, an alleged See also:design on the See also:life of See also:Cromwell, his See also:cousin See also:Colonel See also:John Gerard was executed in the See also:Tower in See also:July 1654. At the Restoration Gerard rode at the See also:head of the king's life-See also:guards in his triumphal entry into See also:London; his forfeited estates were restored, and he received lucrative offices and See also:pensions. In 1668 he retired from the command of the king's guard to make See also:room for the dukeof
See also:Monmouth, receiving, according to See also:Pepys, the sum of £12,000 as solatium. On the 23rd of July 1679 Gerard was created earl of Macclesfield and See also:Viscount Brandon. A few months later he entered into relations with Monmouth, and co-operated with See also:Shaftesbury in protesting against the rejection of the Exclusion See also:Bill. In September 1685, a See also:proclamation having been issued for his See also:arrest, Macclesfield escaped abroad, and was outlawed. He returned with See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William of See also:Orange in 1688, and commanded his See also:body-guard in the march from See also:Devonshire to London. By William he was made a privy councillor, and See also:lord See also:lieutenant of Wales and three western counties. Macclesfield died on the 7th of See also:January 1694. By his See also:French wife he See also:left two sons and two daughters.
His eldest son CHARLES, 2nd earl of Macclesfield (c. 1659-1701), was See also:born in See also:France and was naturalized in England by See also:act of See also:parliament in 1677. Like his See also:father he was concerned in the intrigues of the See also:duke of Monmouth; in 1685 he was sentenced to See also:death for being a party to the See also:Rye See also:House See also:plot, but was pardoned by the king. In 168g he was elected member of parliament for Lancashire, which he represented till 1694, when he succeeded to his father's See also:peerage. Having become a See also:major-See also:general in the same See also:year, Macclesfield saw some service abroad; and in 1701 he was selected first See also:commissioner for the See also:investiture of the elector of See also:Hanover (afterwards King See also:George I.) with the See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order of the Garter, on which occasion he also was charged to See also:present a copy of the Act of See also:Settlement to the See also:dowager electress See also:Sophia. He died on the 5th of November 1701, leaving no legitimate See also:children.
In March 1698 Macclesfield was divorced from his wife See also:Anna, daughter of Sir See also:Richard See also:- MASON, FRANCIS (1799—1874)
- MASON, GEORGE (1725—1792)
- MASON, GEORGE HEMMING (1818–1872)
- MASON, JAMES MURRAY (1798-1871)
- MASON, JOHN (1586-1635)
- MASON, JOHN YOUNG (1799-1859)
- MASON, LOWELL (1792—1872)
- MASON, SIR JOHN (1503–1566)
- MASON, SIR JOSIAH (1795-1881)
- MASON, WILLIAM (1725—1797)
Mason of See also:Sutton, by act of parliament, the first occasion on which a See also:divorce was so granted without a previous See also:decree of an ecclesiastical See also:court. The countess was the mother of two children, who were known by the name of See also:Savage, and whose reputed father was Richard Savage, 4th Earl See also:Rivers (d. 1712). The poet Richard Savage (q.v.) claimed that he was the younger of these children. The divorced countess married Colonel See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry Brett about the year 1700, and died at the See also:age of eighty-five in 1753. Her daughter Anna Margaretta Brett was a See also:mistress of George I. The 2nd earl of Macclesfield was succeeded by his See also:brother Fitton Gerard, 3rd earl (c. 1665—1702), on whose death without heirs the See also:title became See also:extinct in See also:December 1702.
In 1721 the title of earl of Macclesfield was revived in favour of See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
THOMAS See also:PARKER (c. 1666—1732).
The son of Thomas Parker, an See also:attorney at See also:Leek, See also:young Parker was a student at Trinity See also:College, See also:Cambridge, and became a See also:barrister in 1691. In 1705 he was elected member of parliament for See also:Derby, and having gained some reputation in his profession, he took a leading See also:part in the proceedings against See also:Sacheverell in 1710. In the same year he was appointed lord chief See also:justice of the See also:queen's See also:bench, but he refused to become lord See also:chancellor in the following year; however he accepted this See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office in 1718, two years after he had been made Baron Parker of Macclesfield by George I., who held him in high esteem. In 1721 he was created Viscount Parker and earl of Macclesfield, but when serious charges of corruption were brought against him he resigned his position as lord chancellor in 1725. In the same year Macclesfield was impeached, and although he made a very able See also:defence he was found guilty by the House of Lords. His See also:sentence was a See also:fine of £30,000 and imprisonment until this was paid. He was confined in the Tower of London for six See also:weeks, and after his See also:release he took no further part in public affairs. The earl, who built a See also:grammar school at Leek, died in London on the 28th of See also:April 1732.
Macclesfield's only son, GEORGE, (c. 1697—1764) 2nd earl of Macclesfield of this See also:line, was celebrated as an astronomer. As Viscount Parker he was member of parliament for Walling-See also:ford from 1722 to 1727, but his interests were not in politics. In 1722 he became a See also:fellow of the Royal Society, and he spent most of his time in astronomical observations at his See also:Oxfordshire seat, Shirburn See also:Castle, which had been bought by his father in 1716; here he built an See also:observatory and a chemical laboratory. The earl was very prominent in effecting the See also:change from the oldto the new See also:style of See also:dates, which came into operation in 1752. His See also:action in this See also:matter, however, was somewhat unpopular, as the See also:opinion was fairly general that he had robbed the See also:people of eleven days. From 1752 until his death on the 17th of March 1764 Macclesfield was See also:president of the Royal Society, and he made some observations on the great See also:earthquake of 1755. His successor was his son Thomas (1723-1795), from whom the present earl is descended.
For the earls of the Gerard family see Lord See also:Clarendon, See also:History of the See also:Rebellion, ed. by W. D. Macray; E. B. G. See also:Warburton, See also:Memoirs of Prince Rupert and the Cavaliers (3 vols., 1849) ; See also:State Papers of John See also:Thurloe (7 See also:Vole., 1742) ; 1. R. See also:Phillips, Memoirs of the Civil Waf in Wales and the See also:Marches, 1642—49 (2 vols., 1874); and the duke of See also:Manchester, Court and Society from Elizabeth to See also:Anne (2. vols., 1864). For Lord Chancellor Macclesfield, see Lord See also:- CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER (1788–1866)
- CAMPBELL, BEATRICE STELLA (Mrs PATRICK CAMPBELL) (1865– )
- CAMPBELL, GEORGE (1719–1796)
- CAMPBELL, JOHN
- CAMPBELL, JOHN (1708-1775)
- CAMPBELL, JOHN CAMPBELL, BARON (1779-1861)
- CAMPBELL, JOHN FRANCIS
- CAMPBELL, LEWIS (1830-1908)
- CAMPBELL, REGINALD JOHN (1867— )
- CAMPBELL, THOMAS (1777—1844)
Campbell, Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great See also:Seal (1845—1869).
End of Article: MACCLESFIELD, CHARLES GERARD, 1ST EARL OF (c. 1618-1694)
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