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See also:TAFT, See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
WILLIAM See also:HOWARD (1857— ) , the twenty-seventh See also:President of the See also:United States, was See also:born in See also:Cincinnati, See also:Ohio, on the 15th of See also:September 1857. His See also:father; See also:Alphonso Taft (1810—1891), born in See also:Townshend, See also:Vermont, graduated at Yale See also:College in 1833, became a See also:tutor there, studied See also:law at the Yale Law School, was admitted to the See also:Connecticut See also:bar in 1838, removed to Cincinnati in 1839, and became one of the most influential citizens of Ohio. He served as See also:judge of the See also:Superior See also:Court (1865—72), as secretary of See also:war (1876) and as See also:attorney-See also:general of the United States (1876—77) in President See also:- GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
- GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
- GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
- GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
- GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
- GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
- GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
- GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
- GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
- GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
- GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
- GRANT, U
- GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)
Grant's See also:cabinet; and as See also:minister to See also:Austria-See also:Hungary (1882—84) and to See also:Russia (1884—85).
William Howard Taft attended the public See also:schools of Cincinnati, graduated at the See also:Woodward High School of that See also:city in 1874, and in the autumn entered Yale College, where he took high See also:rank as a student and was prominent in athletics and in the social See also:life of the institution. He graduated second (salutatorian) in his class in 1878, and began to study law in Cincinnati College, where he graduated in 188o, dividing the first See also:prize for See also:scholar-See also:ship. He was admitted to the Ohio bar in r880. For a few months he worked as a legal reporter for the Cincinnati Times (owned by his See also:brother C. P. Taft), and then for the Cincinnati Commercial. See also:Early in 1881 he was appointed assistant prosecuting attorney of See also:- HAMILTON
- HAMILTON (GRAND or ASHUANIPI)
- HAMILTON, ALEXANDER (1757-1804)
- HAMILTON, ANTHONY, or ANTOINE (1646-1720)
- HAMILTON, ELIZABETH (1758–1816)
- HAMILTON, EMMA, LADY (c. 1765-1815)
- HAMILTON, JAMES (1769-1831)
- HAMILTON, JAMES HAMILTON, 1ST DUKE OF (1606-1649)
- HAMILTON, JOHN (c. 1511–1571)
- HAMILTON, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
- HAMILTON, PATRICK (1504-1528)
- HAMILTON, ROBERT (1743-1829)
- HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM
- HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM (1730-1803)
- HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM ROWAN (1805-1865)
- HAMILTON, THOMAS (1789-1842)
- HAMILTON, WILLIAM (1704-1754)
- HAMILTON, WILLIAM GERARD (1729-1796)
Hamilton See also:county (in which Cincinnati is situated), but resigned in 1882 on being appointed See also:collector of See also:internal See also:revenue of the United States for the first See also:district of Ohio. The See also:work was distasteful, however, and in 1883 he resigned to return to the law. From 1885 to 1887 he served as assistant See also:solicitor of Hamilton county, and in the latter See also:year was appointed judge of the Superior Court of Ohio to fill a vacancy. He was elected by the See also:people in the next year and served until 189o, when he was appointed solicitor-general of the United States by President See also:Benjamin See also:Harrison. His work in connexion with the drafting of the See also:Sherman See also:Anti-See also:Trust See also:Act and with the See also:Bering See also:Sea controversy attracted See also:attention. In 1892 he was appointed a judge of the See also:Sixth See also:Circuit, United States Court, and became known as a fearless See also:administrator of the law. Several decisions were particularly objectionable to organized labour. The first of these, decided in 189o, upheld the See also:verdict of a See also:jury awarding See also:damages to the Moores See also:Lime See also:Company, which had sustained a secondary See also:boycott because it had sold material to a contractor who had been boycotted by Bricklayers' See also:Union No. 1. The second decision See also:grew out of the See also:attempt of the Brotherhood of See also:Locomotive See also:Engineers to prevent
other roads from accepting See also:freight from the See also:Toledo, See also:Ann Arbor & See also:North See also:Michigan railroad, against which a " legal " strike had been declared. Judge Taft granted an See also:injunction (7th See also:March 1893) against the See also:Pennsylvania railroad, making P. M. See also:Arthur, See also:chief of the Brotherhood, a party, and called See also:Rule 12, forbidding engineers to haul the freight, criminal. During the See also:great railway strikes of 1894 See also:Eugene V. Debs, president of the See also:American Railway Union, sent one See also:Frank W. Phelan to tie up See also:traffic in and around Cincinnati. The See also:receiver of the Cincinnati, New See also:- ORLEANS
- ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
- ORLEANS, DUKES OF
- ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
- ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
- ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
- ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
- ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
- ORLEANS, PHILIP I
- ORLEANS, PHILIP II
Orleans & See also:Texas Pacific railway applied for an injunction against Phelan and others, which was granted. Phelan disobeyed the injunction and on the 13th of See also:July 1894 was sentenced to jail for six months for contempt. The See also:doctrine that " the See also:starvation of a nation cannot be the lawful purpose of a See also:combination " was announced, and Judge Taft said further that " if there is any See also:power in the See also:army cf the United States to run those trains, the trains will be run." In 1896—1900 Judge Taft was See also:professor and See also:dean of the law See also:department of the University of Cincinnati.
A See also:movement to elect Mr Taft president of Yale University gained some strength in 1898—99, but was promptly checked by him, on the ground that the See also:head of a great university should be primarily an educationalist. In 190o he was asked by President See also:McKinley to accept the See also:presidency of the Philippine See also:Commission charged with the See also:administration of the islands. Though he had been opposed to the acquisition of the Philippines, he did not believe that the inhabitants were capable of self-See also:government, and he foresaw some of the difficulties of the position. Yielding, however, to the urgent See also:request of the president and his cabinet, he accepted and served from the 13th of March 'goo to the 1st of See also:February 1904. On the See also:establishment of See also:civil government in the islands, on the 4th of July 1901, he became See also:governor, ex officio. The task of constructing a See also:system of government from the bottom, of reconciling the conflicting and often jealously sensitive elements, called for tact, firmness, See also:industry and deep insight into human nature, all of which Governor Taft displayed in a marked degree. (See PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.) The religious orders had been driven out during the insurrection, but held See also:title to large tracts of See also:land which many Filipinos and some Americans wished to confiscate. This delicate See also:matter was arranged by Mr Taft in a See also:personal interview with See also:Pope See also:Leo XIII. in the summer of 1902.
The pope sent a See also:special delegate to appraise the lands, and the sum of $7,239,000 was paid in See also:December 1903. Mr Taft gained great See also:influence among the more conservative Filipinos, and their entreaties to him to remain influenced him to decline the offer of a See also:place upon the Supreme See also:bench offered by President See also:Roosevelt in 1902.
Finally, feeling that his work was accomplished, Mr. Taft returned to the United States to become secretary of war from the 1st of February 1904. With a party of congressmen he visited the Philippines on a tour of inspection July-September Igo5, and in September 1906, on the downfall of the Cuban See also:republic and the intervention of See also:America, he took temporary See also:charge of affairs in that See also:island (September—See also:October). In the next year (March—See also:April) he inspected the See also:Panama See also:Canal and also visited See also:Cuba and See also:Porto Rico. He again visited the Philippines to open the first legislative See also:assembly (16th October 1907), and returned by way of the Trans-Siberian railway. On this tour he visited See also:Japan, and on the 2nd of October, at See also:Tokyo, made a speech which had an important effect in quieting the apprehensions of the See also:Japanese on the See also:score of the treatment of their oeople on the Pacific See also:coast.
With the approach of the presidential See also:election of 1908, President Roosevelt reiterated his See also:pledge not to accept another nomination, and threw his immense influence in favour of Mr Taft. At the Republican See also:convention held in See also:Chicago, in See also:June, Mr Taft was nominated on the first See also:ballot, receiving 702 out of 980 votes See also:cast. See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James S. Sherman of New See also:York was nominated for See also:Vice-President. During the See also:campaign many prominent labour leaders opposed the election of Mr Taft, on the ground that his decisions while on the bench had been unfriendly to organized labour. In the campaign Mr Taft boldly defendedhis course from the See also:platform, and apparently lost few votes on See also:account of this opposition. At the ensuing election in See also:November, Taft and Sherman received 321 electoral votes against 162 cast for William Jennings Bryan_and See also:John W. See also:Kern, the Democratic candidates.
In his inaugural address (4th March 1909) President Taft' announced himself as favouring the See also:maintenance and enforcement of the reforms initiated by President Roosevelt (including a strict enforcement of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, an effective measure for railway See also:rate regulation, and the policy of conservation of natural resources); the revision of the See also:tariff on the basis of affording See also:protection to American manufactures equal to the difference between See also:home and See also:foreign cost of See also:production; a graduated See also:inheritance tax; a strong See also:navy as the best See also:guarantee of See also:peace; postal savings See also:banks; See also:free See also:trade with the Philippine Islands; and See also:mail subsidies for American See also:ships. He also announced his See also:hope to bring about a better understanding between the North and the See also:South, and to aid in the See also:solution of the See also:negro problem. In accordance with his pre-election pledge, See also:Congress was called to meet in extra session on the 15th of March to revise the tariff. Hearings had been previously held by the Ways and Means See also:Committee of the See also:House of Representatives, and a measure was promptly reported. After passing the House it was sent to the See also:Senate, where it was much changed. The final See also:Payne-See also:Aldrich Act was approved by the President on the 5th of See also:August 1909, though in many respects it was not the measure he desired. The wish to meet people of the different sections of the See also:country and to explain his position upon the questions of the See also:day led the President to begin (14th September 1909), a tour which included the Pacific coast, the South-See also:west, the See also:Mississippi Valley and the South See also:Atlantic states, and during which he travelled 13,000 See also:miles and made 266 speeches.
Mr Taft delivered the See also:Dodge lectures at Yale University in 1906 on the Responsibilities of Citizenship,) published as' Four Aspects of Civic See also:Duty (1906). Some of his See also:political speeches have been published under the titles See also:Present Day Problems (1908), and Polticial Issues and Outlooks (1909).
End of Article: TAFT, WILLIAM HOWARD (1857— )
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