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See also:ASQUITH, See also:HERBERT See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
HENRY (1852– ) , See also:English states-See also:man, son of See also:Joseph See also:Dixon Asquith, was See also:born at See also:Morley, See also:York-See also:shire, on the See also:lath of See also:September 1852. He came of a See also:middle-class See also:Yorkshire See also:family of pronounced Liberal and See also:Nonconformist views, and was educated under Dr See also:Edwin See also:Abbott at the See also:City of See also:London school, from which he went as a See also:scholar to Balliol, See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford; there he had a distinguished career, taking a first-class in See also:classics, winning the See also:Craven scholarship and being elected a See also:fellow of his See also:college. He was See also:president of the See also:Union, and impressed all his contemporaries with his intellectual ability, Dr See also:Jowett himself confidently predicting his See also:signal success in any career he adopted. On leaving Oxford he went to the See also:bar, and as See also:early as 1890 became a K.C. In 1887 he unsuccessfully defended Mr R. B. Cunninghame See also:Graham and Mr See also:John See also:Burns for their See also:share in the See also:riot in See also:Trafalgar Square; and in 1889 he was junior to See also:Sir See also:Charles (afterwards See also:Lord) See also:- RUSSELL (FAMILY)
- RUSSELL, ISRAEL COOK (1852- )
- RUSSELL, JOHN (1745-1806)
- RUSSELL, JOHN (d. 1494)
- RUSSELL, JOHN RUSSELL, 1ST EARL (1792-1878)
- RUSSELL, JOHN SCOTT (1808–1882)
- RUSSELL, LORD WILLIAM (1639–1683)
- RUSSELL, SIR WILLIAM HOWARD
- RUSSELL, THOMAS (1762-1788)
- RUSSELL, WILLIAM CLARK (1844– )
Russell as counsel for the Irish Nationalists before the See also:Parnell Commission—an association afterwards bitterly commented upon by Mr T. See also:Healy in the See also:House of See also:Commons (See also:March 30, a908). flut though he attained a See also:fair practice at the bar, and was recognized as a lawyer of unusual See also:mental distinction and clarity, his forensic success
ASQUITH 769
was not nearly so conspicuous as that of some of his See also:con-temporaries. His ambitions See also:lay rather in the direction of the House of Commons. He had taken a prominent See also:part in politics .as a Liberal since his university days, especially in See also:work for the Eighty See also:Club, and in 1886 was elected member of See also:parliament for See also:East See also:Fife, a seat which he retained in subsequent elections. Mr See also:Gladstone was attracted by his vigorous ability as a See also:speaker, and his See also:evidence of See also:sound See also:political See also:judgment; and in See also:August 1892, though comparatively unknown to the See also:general public, he was selected to move the See also:vote of want of confidence which overthrew Lord See also:Salisbury's See also:government, and was made See also:home secretary in the new Liberal See also:ministry. At the Home See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
Office he proved his capacity as an See also:administrator; he was the first to appoint See also:women as factory inspectors, and he was responsible for opening Trafalgar Square to Labour demonstrations; but he firmly refused to See also:sanction the proposed See also:amnesty for the dynamiters, and he was violently abused by extremists on See also:account of the See also:shooting of two men by the military at the strike riot at See also:Featherstone in August 1893. It was he who coined the phrase (See also:Birmingham, 1894) as to the government's " ploughing the sands " in their endeavour to pass Liberal legislation with a hostile House of Lords. His Employers' Liability See also:Bill 1893 was lost because the government refused to accept the Lords' See also:amendment as to " contracting-out." His suspensory bill, with a view to the disestablishment of the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church in See also:Wales, was abortive (1895), but it served to recommend him to the Welsh Nationalists as well as to the disestablishment party in See also:England and See also:Scotland. During his three years of office he more than confirmed the high See also:opinion formed of his abilities.
The Liberal defeat in 1895 See also:left him out of office for eleven years. He had married See also:Miss See also:Helen Melland in 1877, and was left with a family when she died in 1891; in 1894, however, he had married again, his second wife being the accomplished Miss See also:Margaret (" Margot ") See also:Tennant, daughter of the wealthy See also:iron-See also:master, Sir Charles Tennant, See also:Bart., a See also:lady well known in London society as a member of the coterie known as " Souls," and commonly identified as the See also:original of Mr E. F. See also:Benson's See also:Dodo (1893). On leaving the Home Office in 1895, Mr Asquith decided to return to his work at the bar, a course which excited much comment, since it was unprecedented that a See also:minister who had exercised judicial functions in that capacity should take up again the position of an See also:advocate; but it was obvious that to maintain the tradition was difficult in the See also:case of a man who had no sufficient See also:independent means. During the years of Unionist ascendancy Mr Asquith divided his energies between his legal work and politics; but his See also:adhesion to Lord See also:Rosebery (q.v.) as a Liberal Imperialist at the TIME, MEASUREMENT OFTIME, STANDARDtime of the See also:Boer See also:War, while it strengthened his position in the eyes of the public, put him in some difficulty with his own party, led as it was by Sir Henry See also:- CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER (1788–1866)
- CAMPBELL, BEATRICE STELLA (Mrs PATRICK CAMPBELL) (1865– )
- CAMPBELL, GEORGE (1719–1796)
- CAMPBELL, JOHN
- CAMPBELL, JOHN (1708-1775)
- CAMPBELL, JOHN CAMPBELL, BARON (1779-1861)
- CAMPBELL, JOHN FRANCIS
- CAMPBELL, LEWIS (1830-1908)
- CAMPBELL, REGINALD JOHN (1867— )
- CAMPBELL, THOMAS (1777—1844)
Campbell-Bannerman (q.v.), who was identified with the " See also:pro-Boer" policy. He was one of the founders of the Liberal See also:League, and his courageous definiteness of view and intellectual vigour marked him out as Lord Rosebery's See also:chief See also:lieutenant if that statesman should ever return to See also:power. He thus became identified with the Roseberyite attitude towards Irish Home See also:Rule; and, while he continued to uphold the Gladstonian policy in theory, in practice the Irish Nationalists See also:felt. that very little could be expected from his advocacy. In spite of his Imperialist views, however, he did much to smooth over the party difficulties, and when the See also:tariff-reform See also:movement began in 1903, he seized the opportunity for rallying the Liberals to the banner of See also:free-See also:trade and championing the " orthodox " English political See also:economy, on which indeed he had been a lecturer in his younger days.
During the See also:critical years of Mr See also:- CHAMBERLAIN (0. Fr. chamberlain, chamberlenc, Mod. Fr. chambellan, from O. H. Ger. Chamarling, Chamarlinc, whence also the Med. Lat. cambellanus, camerlingus, camerlengus; Ital. camerlingo; Span. camerlengo, compounded of 0. H. Ger. Chamara, Kamara [Lat.
- CHAMBERLAIN, JOSEPH (1836— )
- CHAMBERLAIN, JOSHUA LAWRENCE (1828– )
- CHAMBERLAIN, SIR NEVILLE BOWLES (1820-1902)
Chamberlain's crusade (1903–1906) he made himself the chief spokesman of the Liberal party, delivering a See also:series of speeches in See also:answer to those of the tariff-reform See also:leader; and his persistent following and answering of Mr Chamberlain had undoubted effect. He also made useful party See also:capital out of the See also:necessity for See also:financial See also:retrenchment; owing to the large increase in public See also:expenditure, maintained by the Unionist government even after the Boer War was over;
II
77 0
and his mastery of statistical detail and See also:argument made his See also:appointment as See also:chancellor of the See also:exchequer part of the natural See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order of things when in See also:December 1905 Mr See also:Balfour resigned and Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman (q.v.) became See also:prime minister. .
During Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman's premiership, Mr Asquith gradually See also:rose in political importance, and in 1907 the prime minister's See also:ill-See also:health resulted in much of the leadership in the Commons devolving on the chancellor of the exchequer. At first the party as a whole had regarded him somewhat coldly. And his unbending See also:common-sense, and sobriety of See also:criticism in matters which deeply interested the less See also:academic Radicals who were enthusiasts for extreme courses, would have made the See also:parliamentary situation difficult but for the exceptional popularity of the prime minister. In the autumn of 1907, however, as the latter's retention of office became more and more improbable, it became evident that no other possible successor had equal qualifications. The session of Ig08 opened with Mr Asquith acting avowedly as the prime minister's See also:deputy, and the course of business was itself of a nature to emphasize his claims. After two rather humdrum budgets he was pledged to inaugurate a See also:system of old-See also:age See also:pensions (forming the chief feature of the See also:budget of 1908, personally introduced by him at the beginning of May), and his speech in See also:April on the Licensing, Bill was a See also:triumph of clear exposition, though later in the See also:year, after passing the Commons, it was thrown out by the Lords. On the 5th of April it was announced that Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman had re-signed and Mr Asquith been sent for by the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king. As the latter was staying at See also:Biarritz, the unprecedented course was followed of Mr Asquith journeying there for the purpose, and on the 8th he resigned the chancellorship of the exchequer and kissed hands as prime minister. The names of the new See also:cabinet were announced on the 13th. The new appointments were: Lord Tweedmouth as lord president of the See also:council (instead of the See also:admiralty) ; Lord See also:Crewe as colonial secretary (instead of lord president of the council) ; Mr D.
See also:Lloyd See also:George, chancellor of the exchequer (transferred from the See also:Board of Trade); Mr R. McKenna, first lord of the admiralty (instead of minister of See also:education) ; Mr Winston See also:Churchill, president of the Board of Trade; and Mr See also:Walter See also:Runciman, minister of education. Lord See also:Elgin ceased to be colonial secretary, but Lord Loreburn (lord chancellor), Lord See also:Ripon (lord privy See also:seal), Mr H. Gladstone (Home Office), Sir E. See also:Grey (See also:foreign affairs), Mr See also:Haldane (War Office), Mr See also:Sinclair (secretary for Scotland; created in 1909 Lord Pentland), Mr Burns (See also:Local Government Board), Lord See also:Carrington (Board of See also:Agriculture), Mr See also:Birrell (Irish secretary), Mr S. See also:Buxton (postmaster-general), Mr L. See also:Harcourt (See also:commissioner of See also:works), Mr John Morley (See also:India) and Sir Henry See also:Fowler (duchy of Lan-caster) retained their offices, the two latter being created peers. The Budget (see LLOYD GEORGE) was the See also:sole feature of political See also:interest in 1909, and its rejection in December by the Lords led to the general See also:election of See also:January 1910, which left the Liberals and Unionists practically equal, with the Labour and Irish parties dominating the situation (L. 275, U. 273, Lab. 40, I. 82).
Mr Asquith was in a difficult position, but the ministry remained in office; and he had See also:developed a concentration of forces with a view to attacking the See also:veto of the House of Lords (see PARLIAMENT), when the See also:death of the king in May caused a suspension of hostilities. A See also:conference between the leaders on both sides was arranged, to discuss whether any See also:compromise was possible, and controversy was postponed to an a'gumn session. (H.
End of Article: ASQUITH, HERBERT HENRY (1852– )
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