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COLERIDGE, JOHN DUKE COLERIDGE, 1ST B...

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 678 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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COLERIDGE, See also:JOHN See also:DUKE COLERIDGE, 1ST See also:BARON (1820- 1894), See also:lord See also:chief See also:justice of See also:England, was the eldest son of See also:Sir John See also:Taylor Coleridge. He was See also:born at See also:Heath's See also:Court, Ottery St See also:Mary, on the 3rd of See also:December 182o. He was educated at See also:Eton and Balliol See also:College, See also:Oxford, of which he was a See also:scholar. He was called to the See also:bar in 1846, and went the western See also:circuit, rising steadily, through more than twenty years of hard See also:work, till in 1865 he was returned as member for See also:Exeter in the Liberal See also:interest. The impression which he made on the heads of his party was so favourable that they determined, See also:early in the session of 1867, to put him forward as the protagonist of their attack on the Conservative See also:government. But that move seemed to many of their staunchest adherents unwise, and it was frustrated by the active opposition of a See also:section, including See also:Hastings See also:Russell (later ninth duke of See also:Bedford), his See also:brother See also:Arthur, member for See also:Tavistock, See also:Alexander See also:Mitchell of See also:Stow, A. W. See also:Kinglake and See also:Henry See also:Seymour. They met to deliberate in the See also:tea-See also:room of the See also:House, and were afterwards sometimes confounded with the tea-room party which was of subsequent formation and under the guidance of a different See also:group. The protest was sufficient to prevent the contemplated attack being made, but the Liberals returned to See also:power in See also:good See also:time with a large See also:majority behind them in 1868. Coleridge was made, first See also:solicitor-, and then See also:attorney-See also:general. As early as 1863 a small See also:body of Oxford men in See also:parliament had opened See also:fire against the legislation which kept their university See also:bound by ecclesiastical swaddling clothes.

They had made a good See also:

deal of progress in converting the House of See also:Commons to their views before the general See also:election of 1865. That election having brought Coleridge into parliament, he was hailed as a most valuable ally, whose See also:great university distinction, brilliant success as an orator at the bar, and hereditary connexion with the High See also:Church party, entitled him to take the See also:lead in a See also:movement which, although gathering strength, was yet very far from having achieved See also:complete success. The clerically-minded section of the Conservative party could not but listen to the son of Sir John Coleridge, the godson of See also:Keble, and the See also:grand-See also:nephew of the See also:man who had been an indirect cause of the See also:Anglican revival of 1833,—for John See also:Stuart See also:Mill was right when he said that the poet Coleridge and the philosopher See also:Bentham were, so far as England was concerned, the leaders of the two chief movements of their times: " it was they who taught the teachers, and who were the two great seminal minds." Walking up one evening from the House of Commons to dine at the See also:Athenaeum with Henry See also:Bruce (afterwards Lord See also:Aberdare) and another friend, Coleridge said: " There is a trial coming on which will be one of the most remarkable causes celebres that has ever been heard of." This was the Tichborne See also:case, which led to proceedings in the criminal courts rising almost to the dignity of a See also:political event. The Tichborne trial was the most. conspicuous feature of Coleridge's later years at the bar, and tasked his See also:powers as an See also:advocate to the uttermost, though he was assisted by the splendid abilities and See also:industry of See also:Charles (afterwards Lord) See also:Bowen. In See also:November 1873 Coleridge succeeded Sir W. See also:Bovill as chief justice of the See also:common pleas, and was immediately afterwards raised to the See also:peerage as Baron Coleridge of Ottery St Mary. In 188o he was made lord chief justice of England on the See also:death of Sir Alexander See also:Cockburn. In See also:jury cases his quickness in apprehending facts and his lucidity in arranging them were very remarkable indeed. He was not one of the most learned of lawyers, but he was a great deal more learned than many See also:people believed him to be, and as an ecclesiastical lawyer had perhaps few or no superiors. His fault—a natural See also:fault in one who had been so successful as an advocate—was that of being too See also:apt to take one See also:side. He allowed, also, certain political or See also:personal prepossessions to See also:colour the See also:tone of his remarks from the See also:bench. A See also:game-preservinglandlord had not to thank the gods when his case, however buttressed by generally accepted claims, came before Coleridge.

Towards the end of his See also:

life his See also:health failed, and he became somewhat indolent. On the whole, he was not so strong a man in his judicial capacity as See also:Campbell or Cockburn; but it must be admitted that his scholarship, his refinement, his power of See also:oratory, and his See also:character raised the tone of the bench while he sat upon it, and that if it has been adorned by greater judicial abilities, it has hardly ever known a greater See also:combination of varied merits. It is curious to observe that of all See also:judges the man whom he put highest was one very unlike himself, the great See also:master of the rolls, Sir See also:William See also:Grant. Coleridge died in See also:harness on the 14th of See also:June 1894. Coleridge's work, first as a See also:barrister, and then as a See also:judge, prevented his See also:publishing as much as he otherwise would have done, but his addresses and papers would, if collected, fill a substantial See also:volume and do much See also:honour to his memory. One of the best, and one most eminently characteristic of the man, was his inaugural address to the Philosophical Institution at See also:Edinburgh in 1870; another was a See also:paper on See also:Wordsworth (1873). He was an exceptionally good See also:letter-writer. Of travel he had very little experience. He had hardly been to See also:Paris; once, quite near the end of his career, he spent a few days in See also:Holland, and came back a willing slave to the See also:genius of See also:Rembrandt; but his longest See also:absence from England was a visit, which had some-thing of a representative legal character, to the See also:United States. It is See also:strange that a man so steeped in See also:Greek and See also:Roman See also:poetry, so deeply interested in the past, See also:present and future of See also:Christianity, never saw See also:Rome, or See also:Athens, or the See also:Holy See also:Land. A subsidiary cause, no doubt, was the fatal See also:custom of neglecting See also:modern See also:languages at See also:English See also:schools. He See also:felt himself at a disadvantage when he passed beyond English-speaking lands, and cordially disliked the situation.

No See also:

notice of Coleridge should omit to make mention of his extraordinary See also:store of anecdotes, which were nearly always connected with Eton, Oxford, the bar or the bench. His exquisite See also:voice, considerable power of See also:mimicry, and perfect method of narration added greatly to the See also:charm. He once told, at the table of Dr See also:Jowett, master of Balliol, anecdotes through the whole of See also:dinner on Saturday evening, through the whole of breakfast, lunch and dinner the next See also:day, through' the whole See also:journey on See also:Monday See also:morning from Oxford to See also:Paddington, without ever once repeating himself. He was frequently to be seen at the Athenaeum, was a member both of Grillion's and The See also:Club, as well as of the See also:Literary Society, of which he was See also:president, and whose meetings he very rarely missed. See also:Bishop See also:Copleston is said to have divided the human See also:race into three classes,—men, See also:women and Coleridges. If he did so, he meant, no doubt, to imply that the See also:family of whom the poet of Christabel was the chief example regarded themselves as a class to themselves, the See also:objects of a See also:special See also:dispensation. John Duke Coleridge was sarcastic and See also:critical, and at times over-sensitive. But his strongest characteristics were love of See also:liberty and justice. By See also:birth and connexions a Conservative, he was a Liberal by conviction, and loyal to his party and its great See also:leader, Mr See also:Gladstone. Coleridge had three sons and a daughter by his first wife, Jane See also:Fortescue, daughter of the Rev. See also:George Seymour of See also:Freshwater. She was an artist of real genius, and her portrait of See also:Cardinal See also:Newman was considered much better than the one by See also:Millais.

She died in See also:

February 1878; a See also:short notice of her by See also:Dean Church of St See also:Paul's was published in the See also:Guardian, and was reprinted in her See also:husband's privately printed collection of poems. Coleridge remained for some years a widower, but married in 1885 Amy See also:Augusta See also:Jackson Lawford, who survived him. He was succeeded in the peerage by his eldest son, See also:Bernard John Seymour (b. 1851), who went to the bar and became a K.C. in 1892. In 1907 he was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court. The two other sons were See also:Stephen (b. 1854), a barrister, secretary to the See also:Anti-See also:Vivisection Society, and See also:Gilbert See also:James Duke (b. 1859). His Life and See also:Correspondence, edited by E. H. Coleridge, was published in 1904; see further E. See also:Manson, Builders of our See also:Law (1904) ; and for the See also:history of the Coleridge family see Lord Coleridge, The See also:Story of a See also:Devonshire House (1907).

(M. G.

End of Article: COLERIDGE, JOHN DUKE COLERIDGE, 1ST BARON

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