JESUS See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Further See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

St Paul is not an historian; he is not attempting to describe what Jesus Christ said or did. He is See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

The writers speak of themselves as " apostles," or messengers, of Christ; they refer to similar See also:

• SOCIETIES, LEARNED

One such narrative we now proceed to describe. 2. St Mark's Gospel.—The Gospel according to St Mark was written within fifteen years of the first letter of St Paul to the Thessalonians—i.e. about 65. It seems designed to meet the requirements of Christians living far away from Palestine. The author was not an See also:

• EYE
• EYE (O. Eng. edge, Ger. Auge; derived from an Indo-European root also seen in Lat. oc-ulus, the organ of vision (q.v.)

He was himself a See also:

• PROPHET (Irpo4i ri7s)

The next See also:

• MORNING

Presently He is in See also:

• CAPERNAUM (Kairepvaovµ; probably, " the village of Nahum ")

It was a See also:

• NATIONAL

And they went out to make a compact with the followers of the worldly See also:

• HEROD
• HEROD (surnamed THE GREAT)

The wonder of it all is not in the writing, but in the subject itself. We feel that we have here no skilful See also:

• COMPOSITION
• COMPOSITION (Lat. compositio, from componere, to put together)

He answered them first in figurative language, speaking of the certain downfall of a kingdom or a See also:

• FAMILY

The world of See also:

• COMMON

We must not See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

That See also:

• NIGHT

In fact the Galilean ministry is now closed. Jesus retires northwards to Caesarea See also:

• PHILIPPI (Turk. Filibejik)

Jesus had stood forth as the strong healer and helper of men; it was bewildering to hear Him speak of dying. He had promised to fulfil men's highest expectations, if only they would not doubt His willingness and power. He had been enthusiastically reverenced by the common people, though suspected and attacked by the religious leaders. He had spoken of " the will of God " as supreme, and had set aside ceremonial traditions. He had announced the nearness of the kingdom of God, but haddescribed it only in parables from nature. He had adopted the vague title of the " Son of Man," but had refrained from See also:

• PRO

Their minds were confused as to what resurrection was meant. Jesus told them thatElijah had in fact come; and He also said that the Scriptures foretold the sufferings of the Son of Man. But the situation was wholly beyond their grasp, and the very language of St Mark at this point seems to reflect the confusion of their minds. The .other disciples, in the meantime, had been vainly endeavouring to cure a peculiarly violent case of demoniacal See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

A blind man appealed to Jesus as " the Son of David," and was answered by the restoration of his sight; and when, a little later, Jesus fulfilled an ancient prophecy by mounting an See also:

• ASS (O.E. assa; Lat. asinus)
• ASS, FEAST OF THE

They therefore sent a See also:

• JOINT (through Fr. from Lat. junctum, jungere, to join)

Later in the evening He gave them See also:

• BREAD

Pilate's question, " Art Thou the King of the Jews?" shows the nature of the See also:

• ACCUSATION (Lat. accusatio, accusare, to challenge to a causa, a suit or trial at law)

They entered and found a young man in a See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

It is adequate to its presumed purpose of offering to distant See also:

• GENTILE
• GENTILE, C

Our knowledge of it to-day is entirely derived from a comparison of the two later evangelists who embodied large portions of it, working it in and out of the general scheme which they derived from St Mark, according as each of them thought most appropriate. St Luke appears to have taken it over in sections for the most See also:

• PART

The passage stands almost alone as a See also:

• REVELATION, BOOK OF

It was followed by the entry of Jesus into Capernaum, where He was asked to heal the servant of a Roman officer. This man's unusual faith, based on his soldierly sense of discipline, surprised the Lord, who declared that it had no equal in Israel itself. Somewhat later messengers arrived from the imprisoned Baptist, who asked if Jesus were indeed " the coming One " of whom he had spoken. Jesus pointed to His acts of healing the sick, raising the dead and proclaiming good See also:

• NEWS

It was the prayer of a family—that the sons might be true to the Father, and the Father true to the sons; and they were further encouraged by a parable of the family: " Ask and ye shall receive.... Every one that asketh receiveth " : for the heavenly Father will do more, not less, than an earthly father would do for his children. After He had cast out a dumb demon, some said that His power was due to See also:

• BEELZEBUB, BEELZEBUL, BAALZEBUB

In the end the Son of Man will openly own those who have owned Him before men. For earthly needs no thought is to be taken: the birds and the See also:

• FLOWERS, ARTIFICIAL

There is a warning that he who forsakes not father and mothercannot be a disciple, nor he who does not bear his cross. Savour-less See also:

• SALT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch zout, Ger. Salz, Scand. salt; cognate with Gr. &Xs, Lat. sal)
• SALT, SIR TITUS, BART

It can only be effected by a dose examination of the style and language of the document, which may enable us in some instances to identify with See also:

• COMPARATIVE

There is the same use of parables from nature, the same incisiveness of speech and employment of See also:

• PARADOX (Gr. treat, beyond, contrary to, Sofia, opinion)

In such a condition of affairs it is hardly surprising to find that the great and stern Teacher congratulates the poor and has nothing but pity for the rich; that He has no See also:

• INTEREST

More and more the Master devotes Himself to the little circle of His disciples, who are taught that they, as well as He, can only See also:

• TRIUMPH (triumphus)

They are beyond the power of human invention. They are drawn with a simplicity which is their own See also:

• GUARANTEE (sometimes spelt " guarantie " or " guaranty "; an O. Fr. form of " warrant," from the Teutonic word which appears in German as wahren, to defend or make safe and binding)

The royal descent of the Messiah is thus declared, and from the outset His figure is set against the background of the Old Testament. He then proceeds to show that, though His lineage is traced through See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

An example of such See also:

• INTERPRETATION (from Lat. interpretari, to expound, explain, inter pres, an agent, go-between, interpreter; inter, between, and the root pret-, possibly connected with that seen either in Greek 4 p4'ew, to speak, or irpa-rrecv, to do)

It presented the Gospel in a suitable form for the edification of the Church; and it confirmed its truth by See also:

• CONSTANT, BENJAMIN (1845-1902)

St Luke, on the contrary, chooses between parallel stories of his two sources, preferring neither to duplicate nor to combine: he incorporates St Mark in continuous sections, following him alone for a time,. then leaving him entirely, and then returning to introduce a new See also:

• BLOCK
• BLOCK (from the Fr. bloc, and possibly connected with an Old Ger. Block, obstruction, cf. " baulk ")
• BLOCK, MAURICE (1816–19or)

This in turn is followed by the most characteristic section of his Gospel (ix. 51-xviii. 14), a long series of incidents wholly independent of St Mark, and. introduced as belonging Character to the period of the . final journey from Galilee to &tie Section Jerusalem. Much of this material is demonstrably 01St Luke's derived from the second document; and it is quite Gospel. possible that the whole of it may come from that source. There are special reasons for thinking so in regard to certain passages, as for example the mission of the seventy disciples and the parable of the good Samaritan, although they are not contained in St Matthew's Gospel. For the closing scenes at Jerusalem St Luke makes considerable additions to St Mark's narrative: he gives a different account. of the Last Supper, and he adds the trial before Herod and the incident of the penitent robber. He appears to have had no information as to the appearance of the risen Lord in Galilee, and he accordingly omits from his See also:

• REPRODUCTION

Zacchaeus the publican and the grateful Samaritan leper further illustrate this characteristic. Writing as he does for Gentile believers he omits many details which from their strongly Jewish cast might be unintelligible or uninteresting. He also modifies the harshness of St Mark's style, and frequently recasts his language in reference to diseases. From an historical point of view his Gospel is of high value. The proved accuracy of detail elsewhere, as in his narration of events which he witnessed in company with St Paul, enhances our general estimation of his work. A trustworthy observer and a literary artist, the one non-Jewish evangelist has given us—to use M. See also:

• RENAN, ERNEST (1823-1892)

This impression is confirmed by the Gospels of St Matthew and St Luke, which though they add much fresh material do not disturb the general scheme presented by St Mark. But on reflection we are led to question the sufficiency of the account thus offered to us. Is it probable, we ask, that our Lord should have neglected the sacred custom in accordance with which the pious Jew visited Jerusalem several times each See also:

• YEAR

That purpose is plainly stated ofst John's by the author himself: " These things have been Gospel written that ye may believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, and that believing ye may have life in His name." His avowed aim is, not to write history, but to produce conviction. He desires to interpret the coming of Jesus Christ into the world, to declare whence and why He came, and to explain how His coming, as light in the midst of darkness, brought a crisis into the lives of all with whom He came in contact. The issue of this crisis in His rejection by the Jews at Jerusalem is the main theme of the book. St John's See also:

• PROLOGUE (from Gr. 7rpo, before, and Myer, a word)

In order thus to manifest Himself He had under-gone a human birth: " the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, and we•beheld His glory "—the glory, as the evangelist has learned to see, of the Father's only-begotten Son, who has come into the world to reveal to men that God whom " no man hath ever seen." In these opening words we are invited to study the life of Christ from a new point of view, to observe His self-manifestation and its issue. The evangelist looks back across a period of See also:

• HALF

This significant See also:

• ACTION

Baptist's work is now ended; and, though Jesus still stry at appeals to the testimony of John, the new conflict Jerusalem. with the Jewish authorities shows that He is moving now on His own independent and characteristic lines. In cleansing the Temple He had given offence by what might seem an excess of rigour: now, by healing a sick man and bidding him carry his See also:

• BED
• BED (a common Teutonic word, cf. German Bett, probably connected with the Indo-European root bhodh, seen in the Lat. fodere, to dig; so " a dug-out place " for safe resting, or in the same sense as a garden " bed ")

The feast of See also:

• TABERNACLES, FEAST OF

Where opposition manifests itself, it is not native opposition, but comes from religious teachers who are parts of a system which centres in Jerusalem, and who are some-times expressly noted as having come from Jerusalem. The Jerusalem ministry on the contrary is never welcomed with enthusiasm. It has to do with those who challenge it from the first. There is no atmosphere of simplicity and teachableness which rejoices in the manifestation of power and sympathy and liberty. It is a witness delivered to a hostile See also:

• AUDIENCE (from Lat. audire, to hear)