Online Etymology Dictionary

inaudible (adj.): c. 1600, "unable to be heard," from Late Latin inaudibilis "inaudible," from in- "not" (see in- (1)) + audibilis (see audible). Used in Middle English in the sense "unfit to be heard" (mid-15c.). Related: Inaudibly. Classical Latin had inauditus "unheard, unheard of."
inequitable (adj.): "unfair, unjust," 1660s, from in- (1) "not, opposite of" + equitable, which is ultimately from Latin aequus "even, just, equal." Related: Inequitably. The same formation in English has also meant "impassable on horses, unfit for riding over" (1620s), from Latin inequabilis, from equus "a horse" (see equine).
interpellation (n.): late 15c., "an appeal" (obsolete), from Latin interpellationem (nominative interpellatio) "an interruption," noun of action from past participle stem of interpellare "to interrupt by speaking," from inter "between" (see inter-) + pellare, collateral form of pellere "to drive" (see pulse (n.1)). The parliamentary sense is attested in English from 1837, from French.
sadden (v.): "to make sorrowful," 1620s, from sad + -en (1). Earlier verb was simply sade, from Old English sadian, which also could be the immediate source of the modern verb. Intransitive meaning "to become sad" is from 1718. Related: Saddened; saddening.
incorruptible (adj.): mid-14c., in a physical sense, from Old French incorruptible (14c.), or directly from Late Latin incorruptibilis "incorruptible," from Latin incorruptus "unspoiled, unseduced," from in- "not" (see in- (1)) + corruptus (see corrupt (adj.)). From 1660s in English in a moral sense. Related: Incorruptibly.
rental (n.): mid-14c., "rent roll;" late 14c., "income from rents," from Anglo-French rental, Medieval Latin rentale; see rent (n.1) + -al (2). Meaning "amount charged for rent" is from 1630s; that of "a car or house let for rent" is from 1952, American English.
rhodium (n.): hard white metallic element, 1804, Modern Latin, coined by its discoverer, English physician William H. Wollaston (1766-1828), and named for the color of solutions containing it, from Greek rhodon "rose" (see rose (n.1)) + metallic element ending -ium.
summertime (n.): also summer-time, late 14c., somer tyme, from summer (n.1) + time (n.). Earlier were summertide (mid-13c.), sumeres tid (late Old English). In Britain, as two words, with reference to what in U.S. is daylight saving time, recorded from 1916.
fan (v.): late Old English fannian "to winnow (grain)," from the noun (see fan (n.1)). Meaning "to stir up air" is from early 15c. Baseball sense of "strike out (a batter)" is by 1909. Related: Fanned; fanning. To fan out "spread out like a hand-held fan," is from 1590s.
tenth (adj.): mid-12c., tenðe; see ten + -th (1). Replacing Old English teoða (West Saxon), teiða (Northumbrian), which is preserved in tithe. Compare Old Saxon tehando, Old Frisian tegotha, Dutch tiende, Old High German zehanto, German zehnte, Gothic taihunda. As a noun from c. 1200.
spile (n.): tap or spout for drawing maple sugar, 1844, from Northern English dialect spile "splinter" (1510s), from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German spile "splinter, skewer, bar, spindle," German Speiler "skewer;" perhaps related to spike (n.1).
match-girl (n.): 1765, from match (n.1) + girl. The tragic story of "The Little Match-Girl" (Danish title Den lille pige med svovlstikkerne) by H.C. Andersen was published first in 1845, translated into English by 1847.
lovesome (adj.): Old English lufsum "worthy of love," from love (v.) + -some (1). Early 13c. as "lovely," 1720 as "amorous." An old word that might be useful in its original sense. Related: Lovesomely; lovesomeness.
quicklime (n.): late 14c., from quick (adj.) "living" + lime (n.1). A loan-translation of Latin calx viva. So called perhaps for being unquenched, or for the vigorousness of its qualities; compare Old English cwicfyr "sulfur."
outlander (n.): 1590s, "foreigner," from outland (see outlandish) + -er (1). Probably on model of Dutch uitlander, German ausländer. In South African English it had a specific sense of "not of Boer birth" (1892) and was a loan-translation of S.African Dutch uitlander.
right (adv.): Old English rehte, rihte "in a straight or direct manner," from right (adj.1). Right on! as an exclamation of approval first recorded 1925 in African-American vernacular, popularized mid-1960s by Black Panther movement.
sixteenth (adj.): early 13c., from sixteen + -th (1); replacing sixtethe, sixteothe, forms based on Old English syxteoða. Cf Old Frisian sextinda, Middle Dutch sestiende, German sechzehnte, Old Norse sextandi. Musical sixteenth note is from 1861.
shive (n.): early 13c., "slice of bread; thin piece cut off," perhaps from an unrecorded Old English *scifa, cognate with Old Saxon sciva, Middle Dutch schive, Dutch schijf, Old High German sciba, German Scheibe; see skive (v.1). From 1869 as "thin, flat cork for a bottle."
stay (v.2): "support, sustain," early 15c., from Middle French estayer (Modern French étayer), originally in nautical use, "secure by stays," from estaie (see stay (n.1)). The nautical sense in English is from 1620s. Related: Stayed; staying.
lemonade (n.): 1660s, nativized from French limonade (17c.), which is from Italian limonata or else a French formation from limon; see lemon (n.1) + -ade. The earlier English spelling was lemonado (c. 1640) with false Spanish ending.
laryngeal (adj.): 1795 in anatomy, "of or pertaining to the larynx," from medical Latin laryngeus (from Greek larynx, genitive laryngos, "the upper windpipe;" see larynx) + English -al (1). Sometimes spelled laryngal (1834). As a noun, in linguistics, from 1921.
lickety-split (adj.): 1852, American English; earlier lickety-cut, lickety-click, and simply licketie (1817), probably a fanciful extension of lick (n.1) in its dialectal sense of "very fast sprint in a race" (1809) on the notion of a flick of the tongue as a fast thing (compare blink, snap).
lime-juicer (n.): "British sailor; English person," 1857; see limey. In reference to lime-juice "the juice of the lime" (1704), which was popular 19c. as an antiscorbutic and stocked on vessels bound on long voyages. Lime-water (1670s) was the usual word for "solution of lime (n.1) in water."
lining (n.): late 14c., "stuff with which garments are lined," verbal noun from Middle English linen "to line" (see line (v.1)). Extended use, "covering or inner surface of anything," is from 1713. Meaning "action of providing with a lining" is from 1839.
liverwort (n.): late Old English liferwyrt, from lifer (see liver (n.1)) + wyrt (see wort). A loan-translation of Medieval Latin hepatica. Applied to various plants with liver-shaped leaves or that were used to treat liver disorders. Similar formation in German leberkraut.
paramilitary (adj.): 1935, from para- (1) + military.
aloud (adv.): late 14c., from a- (1) + loud.
misappropriation (n.): 1746; from mis- (1) + appropriation.
briar (n.): see brier (n.1).
asea (adj.): 1858, from a- (1) "on" + sea.
athwart (adv.): late 15c., from a- (1) + thwart.
aquiver (adv.): 1864, from a- (1) + quiver (v.).
atwitter (adv.): 1833, from a- (1) + twitter.
bluffs (n.): see bluff (n.1).
venturesome (adj.): 1660s, from venture + -some (1).
transformational (adj.): 1857, from transformation + -al (1).
vertebral (adj.): 1680s, from vertebra + -al (1).
fratricidal (adj.): 1804, from fratricide + -al (1).
aflutter (adj.): 1830, from a- (1) + flutter (n.).
ambassadorial (adj.): 1759, from ambassador + -al (1).
adjectival (adj.): 1797, from adjective + -al (1).
agape (adv.): 1660s, from a- (1) + gape (v.).
agleam (adj.): 1854, from a- (1) + gleam.
baptismal (adj.): 1640s, from baptism + -al (1).
grandfatherly (adj.): 1824, from grandfather + -ly (1).
grandmotherly (adj.): 1811, from grandmother + -ly (1).
awhirl (adj.): 1837, from a- (1) + whirl (v.).
atilt (adv.): 1560s, from a- (1) + tilt (n.).
atween (adv.): c. 1400, from a- (1) + tween.
atremble (adv.): 1852, from a- (1) + tremble (v.).